Size-dependent transcriptomic heterogeneity and microbial dysbiosis in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome colorectal polyps: An exploratory self-controlled multi-omics analysis

doi:10.4251/wjgo.124550

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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1948-5204

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Basic Study

Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastrointest Oncol. Dec 15, 2026; 18(12): 124550
Published online Dec 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.124550

Size-dependent transcriptomic heterogeneity and microbial dysbiosis in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome colorectal polyps: An exploratory self-controlled multi-omics analysis

Meng-Xue Chen, Qian-Wen Ge, Xiang-Yu Li, Wei-Jie Dai, Hong-Gang Wang

Meng-Xue Chen, Qian-Wen Ge, Xiang-Yu Li, Wei-Jie Dai, Hong-Gang Wang, Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu Province, China

Author contributions: Chen MX and Ge QW designed and coordinated the study; Chen MX and Li XY performed the experiments, acquired and analyzed the data; Dai WJ contributed to bioinformatics analysis; Wang HG supervised the study and revised the manuscript; and all authors interpreted the data and approved the final version.

AI contribution statement: Portions of this manuscript were edited using AI tools solely for language refinement. The authors carefully reviewed and verified all AI-assisted outputs and take full responsibility for the scientific content of the manuscript.

Supported by the Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline Cultivation Unit, No. JSDW202233.

Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Huai'an First People’s Hospital (No. KY-2026-029-01).

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.

Data sharing statement: The raw RNA-sequencing and 16S rRNA sequencing data generated in this study are available from the corresponding author at jgzwhg@njmu.edu.cn upon reasonable request. No other additional data are available.

Corresponding author: Hong-Gang Wang, Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 1 West Huanghe Road, Huaiyin District, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu Province, China. jgzwhg@njmu.edu.cn

Received: June 18, 2026
Revised: July 11, 2026
Accepted: October 29, 2026
Published online: December 15, 2026
Processing time: 144 Days and 23.8 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: Although colorectal polyps in patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome are classically regarded as hamartomas, their malignant potential increases with size. Using a self-controlled, multi-omics design to analyze polyps from a single patient, we provide preliminary evidence that small and medium polyps are chiefly metabolic. However, large polyps display widespread transcriptional downregulation coupled with selective enrichment of the nuclear factor kappa B and B-cell receptor pathways, accompanied by distinct microbial dysbiosis. These exploratory findings offer molecular insight for future investigations.