Bao-Yan Ji, Lu-Lu Qi, De-Yan Fan, Yun Zhang, Li He, Kuan Zhang, Zhi-Bo Liu
Bao-Yan Ji, De-Yan Fan, Yun Zhang, Li He, Kuan Zhang, Zhi-Bo Liu, Department of Oncology, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
Lu-Lu Qi, Department of Otolaryngology, Qinghai University Affiliated Hospital, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
Co-first authors: Bao-Yan Ji and Lu-Lu Qi.
Co-corresponding authors: Kuan Zhang and Zhi-Bo Liu.
Author contributions: Ji BY and Qi LL contributed equally to this work, as they are co-first authors; Liu ZB and Zhang K supervised the project, they are co-corresponding authors; Ji BY and Qi LL performed the main experiments, analyzed the data, and drafted the manuscript; Fan DY, Zhang Y, and He L contributed to data collection, analysis, and manuscript revision; all authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.
AI contribution statement: Since we are not native English speakers, after completing the writing in our native language, we used translation software to translate it. Additionally, we have sent the revised manuscript to a professional editing company for language refinement.
Supported by the Qinghai Red Cross Hospital Institutional Self-selected Research Project, No. YNZXKT2026023.
Institutional review board statement: This study approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, No. P-SL-2022-035.
Informed consent statement: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Data sharing statement: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to privacy or ethical restrictions.
Corresponding author: Zhi-Bo Liu, MD, Professor, Department of Oncology, Qinghai Red Cross Hospital, No. 55 South Street, Chengzhong District, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China.
liuzhibo0965@163.com
Received: June 3, 2026
Revised: June 17, 2026
Accepted: July 17, 2026
Published online: November 15, 2026
Processing time: 150 Days and 12.2 Hours