Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Oct 15, 2026; 18(10): 124211
Published online Oct 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.124211
Published online Oct 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.124211
Primary squamous cell carcinoma arising in the liver: A case report and review of literature
Di Qing, Xi-Bei Liu, Health Management Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
Sheng-Lan Pan, Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
Jing Zhao, Interventional Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
Wei-Nan Li, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
Author contributions: Qing D designed the study and drafted the manuscript; Pan SL collected clinical data; Zhao J performed data analysis; Liu XB assisted with data verification and figure preparation; and Li WN supervised the study and approved the final manuscript.
AI contribution statement: Portions of this manuscript were edited using ChatGPT (OpenAI) solely for English-language refinement, including improvements in grammar, clarity, and readability. The authors carefully reviewed and verified all AI-assisted outputs and take full responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, and scientific content of the manuscript.
Supported by the Hospital-level Research Project of the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 2025MSZK015.
Institutional review board statement: This study was reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College (Approval No. 2025ER363-3).
Informed consent statement: Written informed consent was obtained from the patient’s family for publication of this case report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Corresponding author: Wei-Nan Li, PhD, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No. 1 Maoyuan South Road, Shunqing District, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China. 276021107@qq.com
Received: June 10, 2026
Revised: August 12, 2026
Accepted: September 17, 2026
Published online: October 15, 2026
Processing time: 122 Days and 0.6 Hours
Revised: August 12, 2026
Accepted: September 17, 2026
Published online: October 15, 2026
Processing time: 122 Days and 0.6 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Primary hepatic squamous cell carcinoma is extremely rare, and no standard treatment has been established. This unresectable, multifocal case was treated with transarterial chemoembolization combined with camrelizumab, followed by hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, achieving an overall survival of 28 months. This case suggests that nonsurgical multimodal therapy may provide temporary intrahepatic disease control. However, a single case cannot establish the independent contribution of each treatment or a causal relationship with survival benefit.