Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Aug 15, 2023; 15(8): 1475-1485
Published online Aug 15, 2023. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i8.1475
Carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 199 and carbohydrate antigen 724 in gastric cancer and their relationship with clinical prognosis
Ran Wang, Chun-Lei Zuo, Rui Zhang, Li-Mei Zhu
Ran Wang, Chun-Lei Zuo, Rui Zhang, Li-Mei Zhu, Department of Medical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222002, Jiangsu Province, China
Author contributions: Zhu LM designed the study; Wang R and Zhu LM wrote the manuscript; Wang R and Zuo CL performed the experiments; Wang R and Zhang R analysed the data; and all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: The study was reviewed and approved by Ethics Committee of The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang.
Informed consent statement: All patient data obtained, recorded, and managed only used for this study, and all patient information are strictly confidential, without any harm to the patient, so the informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Li-Mei Zhu, MM, Chief Doctor, Department of Medical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, No. 182 Tongguan North Road, Lianyungang 222002, Jiangsu Province, China. zlm5902@163.com
Received: June 20, 2023
Peer-review started: June 20, 2023
First decision: July 7, 2023
Revised: July 17, 2023
Accepted: July 27, 2023
Article in press: July 27, 2023
Published online: August 15, 2023
Processing time: 51 Days and 6.7 Hours
ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Research background

Tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) and carbohydrate antigen 724 (CA724) are rarely expressed or not expressed in normal tissues, but significantly increased in solid cancers such as gastric cancer (GC), and monitoring the levels of tumor markers such as CEA, CA199 and CA724 is of some value for early screening and treatment of GC.

Research motivation

Tumor markers CEA, CA199, and CA724 are highly expressed in GC and are associated with clinicopathology.

Research objectives

This study aims to investigate the expression levels of serum CEA, CA199 and CA724 in patients with GC and analyze their correlation with clinical practice.

Research methods

The differences of serum CEA, CA199 and CA724 between patients with GC and normal people and the differences of each index between patients with GC at different TNM stages were compared to determine the positive rates of tumor markers alone and in combination in the diagnosis of GC and GC stages, and the correlation between CEA, CA199 and CA724 and the clinicopathology of patients with GC was analyzed.

Research results

The serum levels of CEA, CA199 and CA724 in patients with GC were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the expression levels of various indicators raised significantly with the increase of TNM stage. The positive rate of CA724 single test was higher than that of CEA and CA199 single test, and the positive rate of three combined tests was higher than that of CEA, CA199 and CA724 single test. The positive rates of CEA, CA199 and CA724 in stage I, II, III and IV of GC were higher than those in CEA, CA199 and CA724. The levels of serum CEA, CA199, and CA724 were significantly higher in GC patients aged ≥ 45 years, TNM stage III to IV, with lymph node metastasis, and tumor diameter ≥ 5 cm than GC patients aged < 45 years, TNM stage I to II, without lymph node metastasis, and tumor diameter < 5 cm.

Research conclusions

The expression levels of CEA, CA199 and CA724 in serum of patients with GC were high and increased with the increase of TNM stage. The expression levels of tumor markers were related to age, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and tumor diameter. The combined detection of the three items was helpful to improve the diagnostic accuracy of GC.

Research perspectives

The number of enrolled patients should be further expanded, and prognostic data should be collected to investigate the effect of tumor marker CEA, CA199 and CA724 expression levels on the prognosis, which is more valuable and comprehensive guidance for clinical treatment and disease evaluation.