Published online Aug 15, 2023. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i8.1475
Peer-review started: June 20, 2023
First decision: July 7, 2023
Revised: July 17, 2023
Accepted: July 27, 2023
Article in press: July 27, 2023
Published online: August 15, 2023
Processing time: 51 Days and 6.7 Hours
Tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) and carbohydrate antigen 724 (CA724) are rarely expressed or not expressed in normal tissues, but significantly increased in solid cancers such as gastric cancer (GC), and monitoring the levels of tumor markers such as CEA, CA199 and CA724 is of some value for early screening and treatment of GC.
Tumor markers CEA, CA199, and CA724 are highly expressed in GC and are associated with clinicopathology.
This study aims to investigate the expression levels of serum CEA, CA199 and CA724 in patients with GC and analyze their correlation with clinical practice.
The differences of serum CEA, CA199 and CA724 between patients with GC and normal people and the differences of each index between patients with GC at different TNM stages were compared to determine the positive rates of tumor markers alone and in combination in the diagnosis of GC and GC stages, and the correlation between CEA, CA199 and CA724 and the clinicopathology of patients with GC was analyzed.
The serum levels of CEA, CA199 and CA724 in patients with GC were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the expression levels of various indicators raised significantly with the increase of TNM stage. The positive rate of CA724 single test was higher than that of CEA and CA199 single test, and the positive rate of three combined tests was higher than that of CEA, CA199 and CA724 single test. The positive rates of CEA, CA199 and CA724 in stage I, II, III and IV of GC were higher than those in CEA, CA199 and CA724. The levels of serum CEA, CA199, and CA724 were significantly higher in GC patients aged ≥ 45 years, TNM stage III to IV, with lymph node metastasis, and tumor diameter ≥ 5 cm than GC patients aged < 45 years, TNM stage I to II, without lymph node metastasis, and tumor diameter < 5 cm.
The expression levels of CEA, CA199 and CA724 in serum of patients with GC were high and increased with the increase of TNM stage. The expression levels of tumor markers were related to age, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and tumor diameter. The combined detection of the three items was helpful to improve the diagnostic accuracy of GC.
The number of enrolled patients should be further expanded, and prognostic data should be collected to investigate the effect of tumor marker CEA, CA199 and CA724 expression levels on the prognosis, which is more valuable and comprehensive guidance for clinical treatment and disease evaluation.