miR-122-5p as a novel biomarker for alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v10.i10.344

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Oct 15, 2018; 10(10): 344-350
Published online Oct 15, 2018. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v10.i10.344

miR-122-5p as a novel biomarker for alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer

Suguru Maruyama, Shinji Furuya, Kensuke Shiraishi, Hiroki Shimizu, Hidenori Akaike, Naohiro Hosomura, Yoshihiko Kawaguchi, Hidetake Amemiya, Hiromichi Kawaida, Makoto Sudo, Shingo Inoue, Hiroshi Kono, Daisuke Ichikawa, First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan

Author contributions: Maruyama S performed the majority of experiments and wrote the manuscript; Furuya S performed the research; Shiraishi K, Akaike H and Kawaguchi Y provided tissue samples and clinical data; Shimizu H, Hosomura N, Amemiya H, Kawaida H, Sudo M, Inoue S and Kono H made substantial contributions to the data analysis and interpretation; Ichikawa D designed the research and helped to draft the manuscript.

Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Yamanashi University (approved number: 1825) and was performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Correspondence to: Daisuke Ichikawa, MD, PhD, Professor, First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuou, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan. dichikawa@yamanashi.ac.jp

Telephone: +81-55-2737390 Fax: +81-55-2737390

Received: July 4, 2018
Peer-review started: July 5, 2018
First decision: July 24, 2018
Revised: August 5, 2018
Accepted: August 30, 2018
Article in press: August 31, 2018
Published online: October 15, 2018
Processing time: 103 Days and 9.6 Hours

ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS

Research background

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing gastric cancer (AFPGC) is recognized as one of the most aggressive tumors, with a high propensity for liver metastasis and subsequent poor prognosis compared with other GC subtypes. Recent comprehensive molecular analyses have not yet referred to this minor subtype because of its rareness.

Research motivation

To discover universal biomarkers for liver metastasis by researching AFPGC-specific microRNAs (miRNAs).

Research objectives

To investigate the clinical utility of AFPGC-specific miRNA for monitoring and prognostic prediction of patients.

Research methods

We performed a comprehensive miRNA array-based approach to compare miRNA expression levels between AFP-positive and AFP-negative cells, and also investigated the clinical utility of the identified AFPGC-specific miRNAs.

Research results

We found the expression of miR-122-5p was significantly higher in the AFPGC tissues than the normal and non-AFPGC tissues. The expression levels of this miRNA were also higher in the plasma samples of patients with AFPGC compared with those of healthy volunteers and non-AFPGC patients and correlated with plasma AFP levels. Moreover, the tissue expression level of miR-122-5p exhibited a stronger correlation with malignant potential than plasma AFP level in AFPGC patients.

Research conclusions

miR-122-5p as a potentially useful biomarker for early detection and disease monitoring in patients with AFPGC.

Research perspectives

We identified miR-122-5p as AFPGC-specific miRNA. miR-122-5p might be a clinical useful biomarker in AFPGC. Although studies are warranted to demonstrate the biological function underlying altered expression of miR-122-5p in AFPGC, the miR-122-5p might be a potential therapeutic target for liver metastasis in AFPGC.