Genetic predisposition to Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric precancerous conditions

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v2.i10.369

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Oct 15, 2010 (publication date) through Nov 28, 2024

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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1948-5204

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Oct 15, 2010; 2(10): 369-379
Published online Oct 15, 2010. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v2.i10.369

Genetic predisposition to Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric precancerous conditions

Asahi Hishida, Keitaro Matsuo, Yasuyuki Goto, Nobuyuki Hamajima

Asahi Hishida, Yasuyuki Goto, Nobuyuki Hamajima, Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan

Keitaro Matsuo, Division of Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan

Author contributions: Hishida A wrote the entire manuscript; Matsuo K and Goto Y critically checked the manuscript; and Hamajima N supervised the whole project.

Supported by A Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.

Correspondence to: Asahi Hishida, MD, PhD, Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan. a-hishi@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp

Telephone: +81-52-7442132 Fax: +81-52-7442971

Received: March 29, 2010
Revised: September 20, 2010
Accepted: September 27, 2010
Published online: October 15, 2010

Abstract

Gastric cancer is the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract in East Asian populations and the second most frequent cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. While previous studies have investigated the genetic factors involved in gastric carcinogenesis, there still exist relatively few studies that have investigated the genetic traits associated with the risk of gastric precancerous conditions. In this paper we will review the biology and genetic polymorphisms involved in the genesis of gastric precancerous conditions reported to date and discuss the future prospects of this field of study. The associations of gastric precancerous conditions with polymorphisms in the cytotoxin-associated gene A-related genes (e.g. PTPN11 G/A at intron 3, rs2301756), those in the genes involved in host immunity against Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection (e.g. TLR4 +3725G/C, rs11536889) or polymorphisms of the genes essential for the development/ differentiation of the gastric epithelial cells (e.g. RUNX3 T/A polymorphism at intron 3, rs760805) have been reported to date. Genetic epidemiological studies of the associations between H. pylori-induced gastric precancerous conditions and other gene polymorphisms in these pathways as well as polymorphisms of the genes involved in other pathways like oxidative DNA damage repair pathways would provide useful evidence for the individualized prevention of these H. pylori-induced gastric precancerous conditions.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori; Gastric cancer; Single nucleotide polymorphisms; Genetic predisposition to disease; Gastric precancerous conditions