Radiotherapy for gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma

doi:10.4251/wjgo.v13.i10.1453

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology

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World J Gastrointest Oncol. Oct 15, 2021; 13(10): 1453-1465
Published online Oct 15, 2021. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v13.i10.1453

Radiotherapy for gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma

Laurent Quéro, Mouna Labidi, Marc Bollet, Côme Bommier, Sophie Guillerm, Christophe Hennequin, Catherine Thieblemont

Laurent Quéro, Mouna Labidi, Sophie Guillerm, Christophe Hennequin, Department of Radiation Oncology, AP-HP, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris 75010, France

Laurent Quéro, Côme Bommier, Christophe Hennequin, Catherine Thieblemont, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Paris, Paris 75005, France

Marc Bollet, Department of Radiation Oncology, Hartmann Oncology Radiotherapy Group, Levallois-Perret 92044, France

Catherine Thieblemont, Hemato-Oncology, DMU DHI, AP-HP, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris 75010, France

Author contributions: Quéro L designed, researched and analyzed the literature, and helped write the paper; Labidi M, Bollet M, Guillerm S, Hennequin C and Thieblemont C analyzed the literature, and helped write the paper.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflict of interest related to the manuscript.

Corresponding author: Laurent Quéro, MD, MSc, PhD, Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology, AP-HP, Saint Louis Hospital, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, Paris 75010, France. laurent.quero@aphp.fr

Received: March 6, 2021
Peer-review started: March 6, 2021
First decision: June 4, 2021
Revised: July 9, 2021
Accepted: August 30, 2021
Article in press: August 30, 2021
Published online: October 15, 2021
Processing time: 221 Days and 2.1 Hours

Abstract

Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a rare disease which is often associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. First-line treatment of stage IE and IIE localized gastric MALT lymphoma is based on the eradication of H. pylori. The presence of H. pylori resistance factors such as translocation t (11;18), peri-gastric lymph node involvement and the degree of tumor infiltration of the gastric wall; or lack of response to antibiotic therapy are two main indications to treat with definitive radiotherapy (RT). RT is an effective treatment in localized gastric MALT lymphoma. A moderate dose of 30 Gy allows a high cure rate while being well tolerated. After treatment, regular gastric endoscopic follow-up is necessary to detect a potential occurrence of gastric adenocarcinoma.

Keywords: Radiotherapy; Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue; MALT; Helicobacter pylori; Lymphoma; Review

Core Tip: In this review, after Helicobacter pylori eradication failure, radiotherapy is an effective and well tolerated treatment in localized gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. A moderate dose of 30 Gy allows a high cure rate while being well tolerated. Long-term gastric endoscopy follow-up is necessary to detect a possible occurrence of a stomach carcinoma.