Efficacy of computed image modification of capsule endoscopy in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding

Table 1 Clinical characteristics of patients with obscure gastro-intestinal bleeding

	Conventional CE imaging （n = 81）	FICE set 1 （n = 27）	FICE set 2 （n = 27）	FICE set 3 （n = 27）
Sex (male/female)	44/37	14/13	12/15	11/18
Age (yr, mean ± SD)	63.5 ± 16.5	67.4 ± 13.1	60.3 ± 20.6	62.9 ± 14.7
Type of OGIB
Overt OGIB	57	18	18	21
Occult OGIB	24	9	9	6
Medication used
Anti-coagulant	13	6	3	4
Anti-platelet drugs	21	9	4	8
NSAIDs (excluding low-dose aspirin )	14	3	4	7
Comorbidity
Liver cirrhosis	5	1	2	2
Chronic renal failure	4	1	2	1
Heart disease	7	2	2	3

CE: Capsule endoscopy; FICE: Flexible spectral color enhancement; OGIB: Obscure gastro-intestinal bleeding; NSAIDs: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Table 2 Total numbers of detected lesions per capsule endoscopy examination according to the type of lesions

Diagnosis	Conventional CE imaging	FICE imaging	P value
Total numbers of detected lesions (n = 45)	1.8 ± 1.7	2.5 ± 2.1	0.011
Mucosal lesion (n = 24)	1.9 ± 1.9	2.9 ± 2.5	0.031
Vascular lesion (n = 14)	2.0 ± 1.5	2.5 ± 1.6	NS1
Small bowel tumors (n = 7)	1	1	NS1

¹Wilcoxon test; NS: Not significant; CE: Capsule endoscopy; FICE: Flexible spectral color enhancement.

Table 3 Total numbers of detected lesions per capsule endoscopy examination according to each set of flexible spectral color enhancement imaging

FICE set	Conventional CE imaging	FICE imaging	P value
FICE1, 2 and 3 (n = 45)	1.8 ± 1.7	2.5 ± 2.1	0.011
FICE1 (n = 15)	2.3 ± 2.2	2.7 ± 2.1	0.0681
FICE2 (n = 13)	1.4 ± 1.5	2.7 ± 2.9	0.0691
FICE3 (n = 17)	1.9 ± 1.3	2.2 ± 1.6	0.351

¹Wilcoxon test. CE: Capsule endoscopy; FICE: Flexible spectral color enhancement.

Table 4 Total numbers of mucosal lesions per capsule endoscopy examination according to the each set of Flexible spectral color enhancement imaging

FICE set	Conventional CE imaging	FICE imaging	P value
FICE1, 2 and 3 (n = 24)	1.9 ± 1.9	2.9 ± 2.5	< 0.051
FICE1 (n = 9)	2.7 ± 2.6	3.3 ± 2.3	0.081
FICE2 (n = 8)	1.8 ± 1.8	3.6 ± 3.4	NS1
FICE3 (n = 7)	1.9 ± 0.9	1.9 ± 1.2	NS1

¹Wilcoxon test; NS: Not significant; CE: Capsule endoscopy; FICE: Flexible spectral color enhancement.

Table 5 Total numbers of vascular lesions per capsule endoscopy examination according to the each set of flexible spectral color enhancement imaging

FICE set	Conventional CE imaging	FICE imaging	P value
FICE1, 2 and 3 (n = 14)	2.0 ± 1.5	2.5 ± 1.6	NS1
FICE1 (n = 5)	2.0 ± 1.4	2.0 ± 1.4	NS1
FICE2 (n = 4)	0.8 ± 0.5	1.3 ± 0.5	NS1
FICE3 (n = 5)	3.0 ± 1.9	4.0 ± 1.2	NS1

¹Wilcoxon test; NS: Not significant; CE: Capsule endoscopy; FICE: Flexible spectral color enhancement.