Gallstones and common bile duct stones management: Single-stage vs two-stage treatment

Table 1 Overview of study characteristics, sample sizes, and reported outcomes

Ref.	Year	Study type	Number of patients [LERV vs (ERCP + LC)]	Outcome
Qian et al[7]	2020	Retrospective cohort study	123 vs 137	LERV: Lower post-procedure pancreatitis, shorter hospital stays, significantly longer operative time
Tzovaras et al[8]	2012	Randomized clinical trial	50 vs 49	LERV: Shorter hospital stays and lower incidence of post-procedure hyperamylasemia
Lin et al[9]	2020	Systematic review and meta-analysis	542 vs 519	LERV: Less pancreatitis, lower overall morbidity, and shorter hospital stay but longer operation time.
Tan et al[11]	2018	Meta-analysis	313 vs 317 (intra-operative sphincterotomy vs pre-operative sphincterotomy)	Intraoperative sphincterotomy: Less incidence of post-operative pancreatitis, overall morbidity, less hospital stays
ElGeidie et al[12]	2010	Randomized prospective study	98 vs 100 (intra-operative sphincterotomy vs pre-operative sphincterotomy)	When there are enough experience and adequate facilities, the single-stage treatment would be preferable.
La Greca et al[13]	2009	Review	795 (LERV)	LERV: Lower risk of post-procedure pancreatitis and lower risk of residual stones
Lauri et al[18]	2024	Retrospective cohort study	228 vs 478	LERV: Quicker, shorter hospital stay, highly effective, more comfortable for the patient, safe, cheaper

LERV: Laparoendoscopic rendezvous; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; LC: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy.