Wang C, Wang CH, Shi WJ, Pan SW, Zhai YQ. Brief overview of congenital gastric ectopic pylorus: A rare gastric abnormality. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2025; 17(11): 112519 [PMID: 41256304 DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v17.i11.112519]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Ya-Qi Zhai, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China. astaring@163.com
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
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Minireviews
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This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Nov 16, 2025 (publication date) through Dec 13, 2025
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Publication Name
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
ISSN
1948-5190
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA
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Wang C, Wang CH, Shi WJ, Pan SW, Zhai YQ. Brief overview of congenital gastric ectopic pylorus: A rare gastric abnormality. World J Gastrointest Endosc 2025; 17(11): 112519 [PMID: 41256304 DOI: 10.4253/wjge.v17.i11.112519]
Chang Wang, Sheng-Wu Pan, Department of Gastroenterology, People’s Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 985th Hospital, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
Chen-Huan Wang, Ya-Qi Zhai, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
Wen-Ju Shi, Office of Hospital Administration, People’s Liberation Army Joint Logistic Support Force 985th Hospital, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
Co-first authors: Chang Wang and Chen-Huan Wang.
Author contributions: Wang C and Wang CH drafted the manuscript; Wang C and Zhai YQ conceived and designed the study, conducted literature search, data collection; Shi WJ and Pan SW verified the data and prepared the figures and tables; Zhai YQ revised the manuscript; Wang C and Wang CH contributed equally to this work, and are co-first authors of this article. All authors have read and approved the final version.
Supported by National Key Research and Development Project, No. 2022YFC2503603; and 985th Hospital Research Project, No. YN202405.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Ya-Qi Zhai, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China. astaring@163.com
Received: July 30, 2025 Revised: August 30, 2025 Accepted: October 22, 2025 Published online: November 16, 2025 Processing time: 107 Days and 23.8 Hours
Abstract
Congenital gastric ectopic pylorus (CGEP), also known as gastric ectopic pyloric opening, is a rare congenital gastric abnormality. It was first reported and termed by Yu and Zhao from China in 1983, and in 2007, Uraz et al published the first report of CGEP in the English literature. We conducted a systemic review of the literature of CGEP published in English or Chinese, and found that CGEP occurred more frequently in the 6th and 7th decade of life, with a male predominance (89.7%). The majority of reported cases (89.2%) were from East Asia, and the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Most patients with CGEP presented non-specific symptoms, including abdominal pain, bloating, regurgitation, and belching. A few patients (30%) experienced upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Given the non-specific symptoms, misdiagnosis or underdiagnosis often occurs. Gastroscopy and upper gastrointestinal radiography are the main examinations used to confirm the diagnosis. Currently, conservative medication is the mainstay treatment. In this systematic review, we describe the history, etiology, diagnosis and treatment of CGEP in detail, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of this rare disease and avoid misdiagnosis.
Core Tip: Congenital gastric ectopic pylorus is an extremely rare congenital gastrointestinal anomaly characterized by an abnormal pyloric opening location. To date, only a few cases have been reported. This is the first review of congenital gastric ectopic pylorus regarding its history, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment, aiming to facilitate a better understanding of this rare condition.
