Differential impact of high-fructose and ethanol diets on early steatohepatitis and hepatic melanocortin-4 receptor responses in rats

Table 1 Diet composition

Component (% kcal)	Control (chow, solid) (%)	HFD (liquid) (%)	HF-EFr (liquid) (%)	HFrD (liquid) (%)
Fat	13	35	35	18
Carbohydrate	58 (starch/complex)	47% (maltose/dextrin)	30 fructose	70 fructose
Protein	Approximately 29	Approximately 18	Approximately 15	Approximately 12
Ethanol (EtOH)	0	0	Approximately 30	0
Total kcal	100	100	100	100

HFD: High-fat diet; HF-EFr: High-fat plus ethanol and fructose; HFrD: High-fructose diet.

Table 2 Cumulative food intake (kcal) and body weight gain (g) during different experimental phases

Group	Food intake (kcal)			Body weight gain (g)
	Week 0-4	Week 4-8	Total (0-8 week)	Week 0-4	Week 4-8	Total (0-8 week)
Control	2240 ± 40	2720 ± 42	4950 ± 85	226 ± 4	98 ± 3	324 ± 6
HFD	2612 ± 75	2710 ± 70	5320 ± 120	205 ± 4	104 ± 2	309 ± 4.5
HF-EFr	2340 ± 140	2540 ± 80	4850 ± 160c	173 ± 3a	84 ± 7a	257 ± 6a,b,c
HFrD	2790 ± 160	3370± 180	6160 ± 340a	141 ± 5a	163 ± 5a	304 ± 8

^aP < 0.05 vs corresponding period of the control group.

^bP < 0.05 vs high-fat diet group.

^cP < 0.05 vs corresponding period of the high-fat plus ethanol and fructose group.

This table summarizes total caloric intake and net body weight gain for each diet group during three intervals: Weeks 0-4, 4-8, and the full 8-week period (0-8 weeks). Values should be expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 5). HFD: High-fat diet; HF-EFr: High-fat plus ethanol and fructose; HFrD: High-fructose diet.