Diagnostic and prognostic utility of serum bile acid in liver transplant recipients: A systematic review and quantitative synthesis

Table 1 Study characteristics

Ref.	Country	Study population	Population characteristics			Timing of the SBA measurement	The SBA measurement method	Reported outcomes
			Sample size	Male/female	Age
Azer et al[9]	Australia	Adult patients who underwent OLT	8	1/7	49.63 years	Daily post-transplant measurements (every 6 hours for the first 2 days and then every 24 hour for the following 12 days)	NR	Graft dysfunction and acute graft rejection
Janssen et al[10]	Germany	Adult patients who underwent OLT	41	NR	Patients without acute rejection: 50 years of age. Patients with acute rejection: 42 years	Daily post-transplant measurements	The enzymatic photometric method	Acute graft rejection
Sundararajan et al[11]	India	Patients who underwent LDLT	63	NR	NR	Preoperative and postoperative data from day 1 to day 14	NR	Graft dysfunction and acute graft rejection
Muraca et al[12]	Germany	Adult patients who underwent OLT	20	NR	NR	Postoperatively	Enzymatic fluorimetric assay method	Graft rejection
Wu et al[14]	Taiwan	Pediatric patients who underwent LDLT	60	24/36	2.04 years	Postoperatively	Enzymatic assay method	Biliary stricture and patient survival

NR: Not reported; OLT: Orthotopic liver transplant; LDLT: Living donor liver transplant; SBA: Serum bile acid.

Table 2 Risk of assessment of included studies using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool

Ref.	Study participation	Study attrition	Prognostic factor measurement	Outcome measurement	Confounding	Statistical analysis and statistical reporting
Azer et al[9]	Low	Low	Moderate	Low	High	Moderate
Janssen et al[10]	Low	Low	Low	Low	High	Moderate
Sundararajan et al[11]	Low	Low	Moderate	Low	High	Moderate
Muraca et al[12]	Low	Low	Low	Low	High	Moderate
Wu et al[14]	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low	Low