Acute liver failure from anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury: An update

Table 1 Magnitude of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced acute liver failure in various published studies

Ref.	Study design	n (diagnosis)	n (AT-DILI)	n (AT-ALF)	Proportion of AT-ALF
Anand et al[44], 2006	Observational	152 (TB)	22 (13.8%)	09	13% of prospective cohort (6/69)
Pande et al[22], 1996	Prospective, case-control	492 (TB)	86	05	5.8% of AT-DILI
Devarbhavi et al[26], 2013	Retro-prospective cohort	269 (AT-DILI)	269	69	25.7% of AT-DILI
Dawra et al[24], 2029	Retrospective cohort	141 (TB)	10	01	10% of AT-DILI
Latief et al[23], 2017	Prospective cohort	200 (TB)	16	01	6.2% of AT-DILI
Raj Mani et al[13], 2021	Prospective cohort	397 (TB)	38	04	10.5% of AT-DILI
Kumar et al[19], 2010	Retrospective analysis	1223 (ALF)	-	70	5.7% of ALF
Wang et al[27], 2020	Retrospective analysis	155 (AT-DILI)	155	55	35.4% of AT-DILI
Ichai et al[28], 2010	Retrospective analysis	566 (ALF)	-	14	2.47% of ALF
Mindikoglu et al[29], 2009	Retrospective analysis	661 (drug-induced ALF)	-	50	7.5% of drug-induced ALF

TB: Tuberculosis; ALF: Acute liver failure; AT-ALF: Anti-tuberculosis drug-induced acute liver failure; AT-DILI: Anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury.

Table 2 Outcomes of patients with anti-tuberculosis drug-induced acute liver failure

Ref.	AT-ALF (n)	Demographic features	ATD-ALF interval	LT, n (%)	Post-LT survival (%)	Mortality (%)
Ichai et al[28], 2010	14	04 (28.5%) male, 10 (71.5%) female, median age – 37 years	3.5 ± 3.1 months	6 (42.8)	50	28.5
Kumar et al[19], 2010	70	21 (30%) male, 49 (70%) female, mean age 328 years	30 (7-350) days	None	-	67.1
Idilman et al[11], 2006	1	Female, 19 years	3 days	1 (100)	100	None
Mindikoglu et al[29], 2009	50	32 (64%) female, 18 (36%) male	-	50 (100)	82	18
Bavikatte et al[67], 2017	7	03 (42.8%) male, 04 (57.2%) female, median age – 32 (5-39) years	2 months	7 (100)	71.4	28
Huh et al[52], 2017	19	10 (52.6%) male, 9 (47.4%) female, mean age – 46 years	61 (40-113) days	6 (31.5)	100	52.6
Li et al[39], 2018	1	Male, 67 years	77 days	1 (100)	0	100
Martino et al[49], 2018	8	08 (100%) female, median age – 39 (17-56) years	21 to 155 days	8 (100)	50	50
Bartoletti et al[63], 2017	26	14 (54%) male, 12 (46%) female, median age – 38 (25-50) years	-	26 (100)	85	15
Wang et al[27], 2020	55	34 (61.8%) male, 21 (39.2%) female, mean age 50.3 ± 15.9 years	51 (7-330 days)	None	-	9.68
Smink et al[65], 2006	2	01 male and 01 female	139.5 days	2 (100)	2 (100)	None
Zhu et al[66], 2021	1	Female, 26 years	3 days	1 (100)	100	None
Farrell et al[46], 1994	2	49 years male and 60 years female	4 months and 6 weeks	2 (100)	100	None
Barcena et al[47], 2005	1	Male, 39 years	1 month	1 (100)	100	None
Pessayre et al[12], 1977	6	01 (17%) male, 05 (83%) female, mean age – 46 ± 24 years	7.3 ± 1.8 days	0	-	None
Mitchell et al[48], 1995	4	01 (25%) male, 03 (75%) female, mean age – 51.75 ± 13.98	3.5 ± 2.3 months	2 (50)	50	50
Cillo et al[64], 2005	1	Female, 10 years	3 months	1 (100)	100	None
Campos et al[10], 2004	1	Female,16 years	5 days	0	-	None

LT: Liver transplantation; ALF: Acute liver failure; AT-ALF: Anti-tuberculosis drug-induced acute liver failure; ATD: Anti-tuberculosis drug.