Incidence of spontaneous fungal peritonitis in patients with liver cirrhosis in a Mexico City population

Table 1 Demographic data (n = 48)

Characteristic	n (%)
Age (year), mean ± SD	59.96 ± 12.09
Sex
Female	26 (54.16)
Male	22 (45.8)
Comorbidity	37 (77.08)
Body index mass
Low weight	8 (16.66)
Normal	16 (33.33)
Overweight	15 (31.25)
Obesity	9 (18.74)
Diabetes mellitus type 2	22 (45.83)
Systemic arterial hypertension	21 (43.75)
Chronic kidney disease	8 (16.66)
Hepatocarcinoma	2 (4.16)
Etiology of cirrhosis
MASLD	23 (47.91)
Alcohol	2 (4.16)
Hepatitis B virus	1 (2.08)
Hepatitis C virus	3 (6.25)
Autoimmune hepatitis	2 (4.16)
Primary biliary cholangitis	4 (8.33)
MetALD	9 (18.75)
Cryptogenic	4 (8.33)
Child-Pugh class
A	1 (2.08)
B	21 (43.75)
C	26 (54.16)
MELD 3.0
< 14	5 (10.41)
≥ 14	43 (89.58)
SBP prophylaxis	5 (10.41)
Acute-on-chronic liver failure
Yes	7 (14.58)
No	41 (85.41)

MASLD: Metabolic liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction; MetALD: Hepatic steatotic liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction and alcohol consumption; MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; SBP: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

Table 2 Microorganisms identified (n = 4)

Characteristic	n (%)
Candida albicans	1 (20)
Candida parapsilosis	1 (20)
Rhodotorula spp.	1 (20)
Rhodotorula minuta	2 (40)

Table 3 Variables associated with the development of spontaneous fungal peritonitis, bivariate and multivariate analysis

Characteristic	Bivariate analysis, P value; RR (95%CI)	RA%	Multivariate analysis P value; RR (95%CI)
Chronic kidney disease	0.012; 15 (1.77-126.48)	85.3	NS
Antibiotic prophylaxis for SBP	0.049; 8.6 (1.53-48.38)	87%	NS
Hepatocarcinoma	0.161; 7.67 (1.312-44.8)	93.3%	NS

RR: Relative risk; RA: Attributable risk; SBP: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis; CI: Confidence interval; NS: No significance.