Retrospective analysis of complications related to endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography in patients with cirrhosis vs patients without cirrhosis

Table 1 Complication status and different types of complications in group of subjects with/without cirrhosis, n (%)

	With cirrhosis (n = 174)	Without cirrhosis (n = 518)	P value
Any complication?			0.015a
No	133 (78.70)	448 (86.49)
Yes	36 (21.30)	70 (13.51)
Complications			0.8971
Bleeding	2 (5.56)	7 (10.00)
Pancreatitis	11 (30.56)	25 (35.71)
Cholangitis	2 (5.56)	5 (7.14)
Perforation	1 (2.78)	2 (2.86)
Mortality attributed to ERCP	0 (0.00)	1 (1.43)
Other mortality	5 (13.89)	12 (17.14)
Other	15 (41.67)	18 (25.71)

^aP < 0.05.

¹Fishers exact test (used when < 5 individuals in a category). ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography.

Table 2 Child score of cirrhosis patients (n = 174) with or without any complication, n (%)

	A	B	C	P value
Any complication?				0.010a
No	46 (80.70)	56 (84.85)	20 (58.82)
Yes	11 (19.30)	10 (15.15)	14 (41.18)

^aP < 0.05.

Table 3 Odds ratio estimates for Child-Pugh classes and Wald confidence intervals

Odds ratio	Estimate	95%CI	Limits
Child A vs B	1.363	0.532	3.491
Child A vs C	0.342	0.132	0.882
Child B vs C	0.251	0.096	0.653

Table 4 Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score of cirrhosis patients (n = 174) with or without any complication, n (%)

< 10	10-15		> 15	P value
Any complication?				0.626
No	56 (74.67)	41 (82.00)	25 (78.13)
Yes	19 (25.33)	9 (18.00)	7 (21.88)
	< 10		≥ 10
Any complication?				0.381
No	56 (74.67)		66 (80.49)
Yes	19 (25.33)		16 (19.51)
	≤ 15		> 15
Any complication?				0.949
No	97 (77.60)		25 (78.13)
Yes	28 (22.40)		7 (21.88)

Table 5 Cirrhosis etiology, gender, and type of anesthesia effects on complication occurrence in the group of subjects with cirrhosis (n = 174), n (%)

Any complication?	No	Yes	P value
Alcohol etiology			0.192
No	65 (74.1)	22 (25.29)
Yes	68 (82.93)	14 (17.07)
HEPC etiology
No	112 (78.87)	30 (21.13)	0.899
Yes	21 (77.78)	6 (22.22)
NAFLD etiology
No	123 (77.85)	35 (22.15)	0.4611
Yes	10 (90.91)	1 (9.09)
Gender
Female	51 (76.12)	16 (23.88)	0.507
Male	82 (80.39)	20 (19.61)
Type of Anesthesia
General Anesthesia	105 (78.36)	29 (21.64)	0.271
MAC	4 (57.14)	3 (42.86)
Moderate conscious sedation	23 (85.19)	4 (14.81)

¹Fishers exact test (used when < 5 individuals in a category). HEPC: Hepatitis C; NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; MAC: Monitored anesthesia care.

Table 6 Gender and type of anesthesia effects on complication occurrence in the group of non-cirrhosis subjects (n = 518), n (%)

Any complication?	No	Yes	P value
Gender			0.692
Female	264 (85.99)	43 (14.01)
Male	184 (87.20)	27 (12.80)
Type of Anesthesia
General Anesthesia	308 (85.56)	52 (14.44)	0.511
MAC	131 (89.12)	16 (10.88)
Moderate conscious sedation	9 (81.82)	2 (18.18)

MAC: Monitored anesthesia care.

Table 7 Type of Intervention in cirrhosis patients (n = 174) with or without any complication, n (%)

Any complication?	No	Yes	P value
Diagnostic ERCP			0.7371
No	122 (78.21)	34 (21.79)
Yes	11 (84.62)	2 (15.38)	0.192
Sphincterotomy/sphincteroplasty
No	86 (81.90)	19 (18.10)
Yes	47 (73.44)	17 (26.56)
Biliary intervention (stent, sweeping, dilatation, brushing)			1.0001
No	17 (80.95)	4 (19.05)
Yes	116 (78.38)	32 (21.62)
Spyglass			0.0981
No	128 (80.00)	32 (20.00)
Yes	5 (55.56)	4 (44.44)
Pancreatic intervention			1.0001
No	17 (80.95)	4 (19.05)
Yes	116 (78.38)	32 (21.62)
Manometry
No	133 (78.7)	36 (21.3)
Yes	0 (0)	0 (0)

¹Fishers exact test (used when < 5 individuals in a category). ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography.

Table 8 Type of Intervention in non-cirrhosis patients (n = 518) with or without any complication, n (%)

Any complication?	No	Yes	P value
Diagnostic ERCP			0.0391
No	422 (87.37)	61 (12.63)
Yes	26 (74.29)	9 (25.71)
Sphincterotomy/sphincteroplasty			0.252
No	262 (85.06)	46 (14.94)
Yes	186 (88.57)	24 (11.43)
Biliary intervention (stent, sweeping, dilatation, brushing)			0.133
No	70 (81.40)	16 (18.60)
Yes	377 (87.47)	54 (12.53)
Spyglass			0.1181
No	430 (87.04)	64 (12.96)
Yes	18 (75.00)	6 (25.00)
Pancreatic intervention			0.133
No	70 (81.40)	16 (18.60)
Yes	377 (87.47)	54 (12.53)
Manometry			0.2521
No	447 (86.63)	69 (13.37)
Yes	1 (50.00)	1 (50.00)

¹Fishers exact test (used when < 5 individuals in a category). ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography.

Table 9 Comorbidities in cirrhosis patients (n = 174) with or without any complication, n (%)

Any complication?	No	Yes	P value
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease			0.009a
No	114 (82.61)	24 (17.39)
Yes	19 (61.29)	12 (38.71)
Congestive heart failure			0.5721
No	116 (77.85)	33 (22.15)
Yes	17 (85.00)	3 (15.00)
Essential hypertension			0.003a
No	42 (66.67)	21 (33.33)
Yes	91 (85.85)	15 (14.15)
Diabetes mellitus			0.515
No	89 (80.18)	22 (19.82)
Yes	44 (75.86)	14 (24.14)
Chronic kidney disease			0.4781
No	124 (79.49)	32 (20.51)
Yes	9 (69.23)	4 (30.77)
Hyperlipidemia
No	95 (76.00)	30 (24.00)	0.149
Yes	38 (86.36)	6 (13.64)

^aP < 0.05.

¹Fishers exact test (used when < 5 individuals in a category).

Table 10 Comorbidities in non-cirrhosis patients (n = 518) with or without any complication, n (%)

Any complication?	No	Yes	P value
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease			0.003a
No	421 (87.71)	59 (12.29)
Yes	26 (70.27)	11 (29.73)
Congestive heart failure			0.7821
No	424 (86.53)	24 (85.71)
Yes	24 (85.71)	4 (14.29)
Essential hypertension			0.071
No	237 (89.10)	29 (10.90)
Yes	210 (83.67)	41 (16.33)
Diabetes mellitus			0.652
No	350 (86.85)	53 (13.15)
Yes	98 (85.22)	17 (14.78)
Chronic kidney disease			0.827
No	413 (86.58)	64 (13.42)
Yes	35 (85.37)	6 (14.63)
Hyperlipidemia			0.531
No	350 (86.00)	57 (14.00)
Yes	98 (88.29)	13 (11.71)

^aP < 0.05.

¹Fishers exact test (used when < 5 individuals in a category).