Carvedilol and nonselective-beta-blockers vs endoscopic ligation for prophylaxis of esophageal variceal hemorrhage in cirrhosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Figure 1 Pathophysiology of portal hypertension: Interaction of vascular resistance and blood flow leading to clinical complications. RAAS: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

Figure 2 Diagram Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow of literature search strategy for systematic reviews and meta-analyses shows the number of articles (n) in the different selection stages of the selection process.

Figure 3 Pooled result. A: Pooled result for the risk of variceal bleeding between carvedilol and endoscopic variceal ligation groups; B: Pooled result for the bleed-related mortality of variceal bleeding between carvedilol and endoscopic variceal ligation groups. EBL: Endoscopic band ligation.