Hepatic hydrothorax: An update and review of the literature

doi:10.4254/wjh.v9.i31.1197

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World Journal of Hepatology

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World J Hepatol. Nov 8, 2017; 9(31): 1197-1204
Published online Nov 8, 2017. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v9.i31.1197

Hepatic hydrothorax: An update and review of the literature

Dmitry Victorovich Garbuzenko, Nikolay Olegovich Arefyev

Dmitry Victorovich Garbuzenko, Nikolay Olegovich Arefyev, Department of Faculty Surgery, South Ural State Medical University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia

Author contributions: Garbuzenko DV contributed to the conception and design, acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting the article and final approval of the version; all authors wrote this manuscript.

Conflict-of-interest statement: There is no conflict of interest associated with any of the senior author or other coauthors contributed their efforts in this manuscript.

Correspondence to: Dmitry Victorovich Garbuzenko, MD, PhD, Professor, Department of Faculty Surgery, South Ural State Medical University, PO Box 12317, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia. garb@inbox.ru

Telephone: +7-909-7459826 Fax: +7-351-2687772

Received: August 26, 2017
Peer-review started: August 27, 2017
First decision: September 15, 2017
Revised: September 17, 2017
Accepted: October 15, 2017
Article in press: October 15, 2017
Published online: November 8, 2017
Processing time: 66 Days and 16 Hours

Core Tip

Core tip: This review considers the modern concepts of pathogenesis, diagnostic methods, and treatment principles of hepatic hydrothorax (HH). The analysis of the data showed that despite the progress of modern hepatology, the presence of HH is associated with poor prognosis and high mortality. Most patients suffering from it are candidates for orthotopic liver transplantation. In routine clinical practice, stratification of the risk for an adverse outcome and the subsequent determination of individual therapeutic strategies may be the keys to the successful management of the patient’s condition. The development of pathogenetic pharmacotherapy and minimally invasive treatment will improve the quality of life and increase the survival rate among patients with HH.