©The Author(s) 2016. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Hepatol. Aug 8, 2016; 8(22): 915-923
Published online Aug 8, 2016. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v8.i22.915
Published online Aug 8, 2016. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v8.i22.915
Multimodal brain monitoring in fulminant hepatic failure
Fernando Mendes Paschoal Jr, Ricardo Carvalho Nogueira, Karla De Almeida Lins Ronconi, Marcelo de Lima Oliveira, Edson Bor-Seng-Shu, Laboratory for Neurosonology and Cerebral Hemodynamics, Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas, Sao Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo 04107-021, Brazil
Manoel Jacobsen Teixeira, Department of Neurology, Division of Neurosurgery, Hospital das Clinicas, Sao Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo 04107-021, Brazil
Author contributions: Paschoal Jr FM wrote the paper; Nogueira RC, Ronconi KDAL, de Lima Oliveira M, Teixeira MJ and Bor-Seng-Shu E collected the data.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.
Correspondence to: Fernando Mendes Paschoal Jr, MD, Laboratory for Neurosonology and Cerebral Hemodynamics, Department of Neurology, Hospital das Clinicas, Sao Paulo University Medical School, Rua Paula Ney, 480, apt 42, São Paulo 04107-021, Brazil. tenpaschoal@gmail.com
Telephone: +55-11-30690435 Fax: +55-11-30633018
Received: February 20, 2016
Peer-review started: February 22, 2016
First decision: March 30, 2016
Revised: April 22, 2016
Accepted: June 14, 2016
Article in press: June 16, 2016
Published online: August 8, 2016
Processing time: 164 Days and 22.9 Hours
Peer-review started: February 22, 2016
First decision: March 30, 2016
Revised: April 22, 2016
Accepted: June 14, 2016
Article in press: June 16, 2016
Published online: August 8, 2016
Processing time: 164 Days and 22.9 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Cerebral edema and intracranial hypertension are common causes of mortality in patients with fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). The management of patients who present acute liver failure starts with determining the cause and an initial evaluation of prognosis. Regardless of whether or not patients are listed for liver transplantation, they should still be monitored for recovery, death, or transplantation. The purpose of this review is to discuss the multimodality methods available for monitoring patients with FHF in the neurocritical care setting.