©The Author(s) 2018. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Hepatol. Feb 27, 2018; 10(2): 254-266
Published online Feb 27, 2018. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v10.i2.254
Published online Feb 27, 2018. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v10.i2.254
Spontaneous bacterial and fungal peritonitis in patients with liver cirrhosis: A literature review
Toru Shizuma, Department of Physiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara 2591193, Japan
Author contributions: Shizuma T prepared the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: There is no conflict of interests to declare.
Correspondence to: Toru Shizuma, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143, Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 2591193, Japan. shizuma@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp
Telephone: +81-463-931121 Fax: +81-463-936684
Received: November 28, 2017
Peer-review started: November 28, 2017
First decision: December 18, 2017
Revised: December 31, 2017
Accepted: January 23, 2018
Article in press: January 23, 2018
Published online: February 27, 2018
Processing time: 96 Days and 9.4 Hours
Peer-review started: November 28, 2017
First decision: December 18, 2017
Revised: December 31, 2017
Accepted: January 23, 2018
Article in press: January 23, 2018
Published online: February 27, 2018
Processing time: 96 Days and 9.4 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Spontaneous bacterial (SBP) and spontaneous fungal peritonitis (SFP) are infectious complications in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). Renal impairment, severity of underlying liver dysfunction, and infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms are associated with a fatal prognosis in SBP. Antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended for patients with LC and with a high risk of developing SBP, gastrointestinal bleeding, or a previous episode of SBP, but the increase in the risk of infections caused by MDR organisms is of concern. Increased mortality of SFP compared with that of SBP may partially result from delayed diagnosis and starting of antifungal therapy.