Published online Jul 27, 2018. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v10.i7.523
Peer-review started: February 19, 2018
First decision: March 2, 2018
Revised: March 27, 2018
Accepted: May 30, 2018
Article in press: May 30, 2018
Published online: July 27, 2018
Processing time: 158 Days and 7 Hours
A healthy and asymptomatic male in his 70s was incidentally diagnosed with a gallbladder tumor by preoperative computed tomography (CT) scanning for an inguinal hernia.
The patient, who had right-sided ligamentum teres (RSLT) with abnormal vascular anomaly, was diagnosed with advanced gallbladder cancer invading the right hepatic duct (RHD, cStage III A, T3; right bile duct, N0, M0).
Based on 2 important findings, including a solid tumor-like appearance of the highly atrophied gallbladder by CT scanning and cytological evidence of adenocarcinoma from bile obtained by endoscopic retrograde gallbladder drainage rather than endoscopic nasobiliary drainage, advanced gallbladder cancer with infiltration of the RHD was more convincing than hilar cholangiocarcinoma as a preoperative diagnosis.
Laboratory tests revealed that tumor markers and liver function were within the normal ranges.
Preoperative three-dimensional liver simulation based on multiple detector computed tomography scanning combined with endoscopic nasobiliary tube cholangiography revealed that all segmental portal veins were independently ramified from the portal trunk and that the RHD drained the right-sided liver except for segment 8 (segments 1r, 5, 6, and 7).
Pathological examination showed well-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder invading the hepatic parenchyma and the RHD.
The patient was treated with extended hepatectomy of the RHD drainage territory (segments 1r, 5, 6, and 7) without injuring the hepatic vasculature of the remnant liver based on preoperative liver simulation.
Shindoh et al demonstrated anomalous vascular architecture with right-sided ligamentum teres (RSLT) and Ome et al reported major hepatectomy for RSLT patients. Shindoh J, Akahane M, Satou S, Aoki T, Beck Y, Hasegawa K, Sugawara Y, Ohtomo K, Kokudo N. Vascular architecture in anomalous right-sided ligamentum teres: Three-dimensional analyses in 35 patients. HPB (Oxford) 2012; 14: 32-41 [PMID: 22151449 DOI: 10.1111/j.1477-2574.2011.00398.x]. Ome Y, Kawamoto K, Park TB, Ito T. Major hepatectomy using the glissonean approach in cases of right umbilical portion. World J Hepatol 2016; 8: 1535-1540 [PMID: 28008345 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v8.i34.1535].
RSLT is a congenital anomaly in which the umbilical ligament on the left side atrophies, and it is associated with anomalous ramifications in the artery, portal vein, and biliary systems.
Preoperative 3D liver simulation based on precise intrahepatic vascular and biliary analysis enabled accurate and oncologically curative hepatic resection, even in a patient with rare anatomical anomalies.