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©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Gut dysbiosis and body composition in cirrhosis
Roman Maslennikov, Vladimir Ivashkin, Aliya Alieva, Elena Poluektova, Anna Kudryavtseva, George Krasnov, Maria Zharkova, Yuri Zharikov
Roman Maslennikov, Vladimir Ivashkin, Aliya Alieva, Elena Poluektova, Maria Zharkova, Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119435, Russia
Roman Maslennikov, Vladimir Ivashkin, Elena Poluektova, Anna Kudryavtseva, Scientific Community for Human Microbiome Research, Moscow 119435, Russia
Roman Maslennikov, Department of Internal Medicine, Сonsultative and Diagnostic Center No. 2, Moscow City Health Department, Moscow 107564, Russia
Anna Kudryavtseva, George Krasnov, Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Anna Kudryavtseva, George Krasnov, Laboratory of Postgenomic Research, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
Yuri Zharikov, Department of Anatomy, Sechenov University, Moscow 119435, Russia
Author contributions: Ivashkin V contributed to the research idea; Ivashkin V and Maslennikov R designed the study; all authors participated in the research and analyzed the data; Maslennikov R wrote the draft; all authors edited the draft; and Maslennikov R is the guarantor.
Supported by Biocodex Microbiota Foundation: National Research Grant Russia 2019.
Institutional review board statement: The present study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Sechenov University.
Informed consent statement: The study procedures were explained to potential participants, and written informed consent was obtained before enrollment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The research was supported by Biocodex Microbiota Foundation: National Research Grant Russia 2019. No other conflicts of interest.
Data sharing statement: Data can be provided upon request by e-mail to the corresponding author.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement—checklist of items.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See:
https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Corresponding author: Roman Maslennikov, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Pogodinskaya st, 1, Moscow 119435, Russia.
mmmm00@yandex.ru
Received: May 16, 2021
Peer-review started: May 16, 2021
First decision: June 27, 2021
Revised: July 9, 2022
Accepted: May 14, 2022
Article in press: May 14, 2022
Published online: June 27, 2022
Processing time: 402 Days and 23.8 Hours
BACKGROUND
Gut dysbiosis and changes in body composition (i.e., a decrease in the proportion of muscle mass and an increase in extracellular fluid) are common in cirrhosis.
AIM
To study the relationship between the gut microbiota and body composition in cirrhosis.
METHODS
This observational study included 46 patients with cirrhosis. Stool microbiome was assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis was performed to assess body composition in these patients.
RESULTS
An increase in fat mass and a decrease in body cell mass were noted in 23/46 (50.0%) and 15/46 (32.6%) patients, respectively. Changes in the gut microbiome were not independently associated with the fat mass percentage in cirrhosis. The abundance of Bacteroidaceae (P = 0.041) and Eggerthella (P = 0.001) increased, whereas that of Erysipelatoclostridiaceae (P = 0.006), Catenibacterium (P = 0.021), Coprococcus (P = 0.033), Desulfovibrio (P = 0.043), Intestinimonas (P = 0.028), and Senegalimassilia (P = 0.015) decreased in the gut microbiome of patients with body cell mass deficiency. The amount of extracellular fluid increased in 22/46 (47.6%) patients. Proteobacteria abundance (P < 0.001) increased, whereas Firmicutes (P = 0.023), Actinobacteria (P = 0.026), Bacilli (P = 0.008), Anaerovoraceceae (P = 0.027), Christensenellaceae (P = 0.038), Eggerthellaceae (P = 0.047), Erysipelatoclostridiaceae (P = 0.015), Erysipelotrichaceae (P = 0.003), Oscillospiraceae (P = 0.024), Rikenellaceae (P = 0.002), Collinsella (P = 0.030), Hungatella (P = 0.040), Peptococcaceae (P = 0.023), Slackia (P = 0.008), and Senegalimassilia (P = 0.024) abundance decreased in these patients. Patients with clinically significant ascites (n = 9) had a higher abundance of Proteobacteria (P = 0.031) and a lower abundance of Actinobacteria (P = 0.019) and Bacteroidetes (P = 0.046) than patients without clinically significant ascites (n = 37).
CONCLUSION
Changes in the amount of body cell mass and extracellular fluid are associated with changes in the gut microbiome in cirrhosis patients.
Core Tip: The abundance of Bacteroidaceae and Eggerthella increased, whereas that of Erysipelatoclostridiaceae, Catenibacterium, Coprococcus, Desulfovibrio, Intestinimonas, and Senegalimassilia decreased in the gut microbiome of patients with body cell mass deficiency. Proteobacteria abundance was increased, whereas Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacilli, Christensenellaceae, Anaerovoraceceae, Eggerthellaceae, Erysipelatoclostridiaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, Oscillospiraceae, Peptococcaceae, Rikenellaceae, Collinsella, Hungatella, Slackia, and Senegalimassilia abundance decreased in cirrhosis patients with excess extracellular fluid.
