Addressing hepatic metastases in ovarian cancer: Recent advances in treatment algorithms and the need for a multidisciplinary approach

doi:10.4254/wjh.v13.i9.1122

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World Journal of Hepatology

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1948-5182

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World J Hepatol. Sep 27, 2021; 13(9): 1122-1131
Published online Sep 27, 2021. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i9.1122

Addressing hepatic metastases in ovarian cancer: Recent advances in treatment algorithms and the need for a multidisciplinary approach

Konstantina Adamopoulou, Athanasia M Gkamprana, Konstantinos Patsouras, Evgenia Halkia

Konstantina Adamopoulou, Athanasia M Gkamprana, Konstantinos Patsouras, Evgenia Halkia, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tzaneio General Hospital, Pireaus 18536, Greece

Author contributions: Halkia E initially conceived of and designed the study and provided coordination and supervision throughout the project; Adamopoulou K and Gkamprana AM performed the literature review, data collection and prioritization, and drafted the manuscript; Halkia E and Patsouras K revised the manuscript for scientific content; Spelling and grammatical corrections were made by Halkia E; Adamopoulou K and Gkamprana AM contributed equally and share first authorship; All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors report that they have no conflicting interests.

Corresponding author: Evgenia Halkia, MD, MSc, Consultant Physician-Scientist, Surgical Oncologist, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tzaneio General Hospital, Zanni and Afentouli 1, Pireaus 18536, Greece. evgeniahalkia@gmail.com

Received: April 8, 2021
Peer-review started: April 8, 2021
First decision: July 8, 2021
Revised: July 21, 2021
Accepted: August 11, 2021
Article in press: August 11, 2021
Published online: September 27, 2021
Processing time: 166 Days and 20.8 Hours

Abstract

The lifetime risk for ovarian cancer incidence is 1.39% and the lifetime risk of death is 1.04%. Most ovarian cancer patients are diagnosed at advanced stages (III, IV) because there were no specific symptoms or existing screening tests. Liver metastases have been found in up to 50% of patients dying of advanced ovarian cancer. Recent studies indicate the need for a multidisciplinary approach from initial diagnosis to oncologic surgery and chemotherapy treatment, mandating the involvement of gynecologic oncologists, surgical oncologist, medical oncologists, hepatobiliary surgeons, and interventional radiologists.

Keywords: Cancer; Metastases; Ovarian; Hepatic; Multidisciplinary

Core Tip: Each year more than 295000 women are diagnosed with and 185000 die from ovarian cancer, which remains the most lethal of all gynecologic malignancies worldwide. The management of advanced ovarian cancer has evolved over the past two decades. Surgical excision and with different minimally invasive techniques are available options for treating hepatic metastasis. A multidisciplinary approach is essential to achieve optimal treatment outcomes.