Rahman SU, Sana MK, Tahir Z, Ali A, Shah PA. Paraneoplastic syndromes in cholangiocarcinoma. World J Hepatol 2020; 12(11): 897-907 [PMID: 33312417 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v12.i11.897]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Pir Ahmad Shah, MD, Internal Medicine Resident, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States. pirashah2020@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Minireviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Hepatol. Nov 27, 2020; 12(11): 897-907 Published online Nov 27, 2020. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v12.i11.897
Paraneoplastic syndromes in cholangiocarcinoma
Pir Ahmad Shah, Aamir Ali, Zabreen Tahir, Muhammad Khawar Sana, Saad Ur Rahman
Saad Ur Rahman, Muhammad Khawar Sana, Department of Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
Zabreen Tahir, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, United States
Aamir Ali, Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, United States
Pir Ahmad Shah, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States
Author contributions: Shah PA and Tahir Z designed the study. Rahman SU and Sana MK did database screening and data extraction. Tahir Z, Shah PA, Rahman SU, Ali A, and Sana MK did the literature review, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript. Rahman SU, Sana MK, Ali A, Tahir Z, and Shah PA reviewed the paper for final submission.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Pir Ahmad Shah, MD, Internal Medicine Resident, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States. pirashah2020@gmail.com
Received: June 16, 2020 Peer-review started: June 16, 2020 First decision: July 30, 2020 Revised: August 13, 2020 Accepted: September 8, 2020 Article in press: September 8, 2020 Published online: November 27, 2020 Processing time: 161 Days and 7.4 Hours
Abstract
Paraneoplastic syndromes are the symptoms or signs which result from damage to tissues that are distant from the site of malignancy, due to complex interactions between the body’s immune system and malignant neoplasm. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive epithelial malignancy of hepatobiliary tree and it is found to be associated with various paraneoplastic syndromes. These syndromes can present as dermatological, neurological, renal, hematological, or multi-systemic manifestations. Clinical suspicion and timely recognition of these syndromes can lead to early diagnosis of covert malignancies like CCA. The management plan remains the removal of the underlying cause which in this case is CCA.
Core Tip: Various case reports have been published focusing on single paraneoplastic syndromes associated with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) but none of the studies has reported these manifestations collectively. This review summarizes different paraneoplastic syndromes which are associated with CCA to give a better idea about how it affects various organ systems.
