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Publication Name
World Journal of Stem Cells
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1948-0210
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Systematic Reviews
Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026.
World J Stem Cells. Jul 26, 2026; 18(7): 122048
Published online Jul 26, 2026. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.122048
Table 1 Characteristics of included studies in the current review
Ref.
Review type
Number of included studies
Total sample size
Intervention
Disease type
Outcome
Cheng et al[41], 2025SR-MA6 RCTs374MSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseClin/rad healing, AEs
Wang et al[53], 2024SR-MA7 RCTs, 3 observational studies1049MSCPerianal fistulasPDAI, clin/rad healing, AEs
Serrano-Fernandez et al[40], 2024SR-MA2 RCTs, 7 nRCTs, 2 observational studies280HSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseClin/rad healing
Ciccocioppo et al[52], 2019SR-MA6 RCTs, 10 nRCTs, 7 observational studies696MSCPerianal fistulasClinical remission, AEs, cumulative incidence of safety and efficacy
Vuyyuru et al[39], 2024SR-MA2 RCTs233MSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseClinical remission, clinical response, AEs
Fousekis et al[38], 2024SR2 RCTs, 7 observational studies420DarvadstrocelFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseAEs
Wang et al[51], 2023SR-MA10 RCTs487MSCPerianal fistulasClin/rad healing
Zou et al[50], 2025SR-MA8 RCTs1056MSCPerianal fistulasClin/rad. Healing
Emile et al[49], 2025SR-MA10 RCTs, 33 observational studies1160MSCPerianal fistulasClinical remission, AEs, cumulative incidence of safety and efficacy
Cao et al[37], 2017SR-MA5 RCTs, 9 nRCTs469MSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseClinical remission, cumulative incidence of safety and efficacy
Cao et al[6], 2021SR-MA12 RCTs, 17 observational studies1252MSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseClinical remission, AEs, cumulative incidence of safety and efficacy
Guillo et al[36], 2025SR-MA4 RCTs, 20 nRCTs596MSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseCombined remission, cumulative incidence of safety and efficacy
Cheng et al[32], 2019SR-MA7 RCTs530MSCPerianal fistulasCombined remission, AEs, clin/rad healing
Taxonera et al[35], 2025SR-MA7 full-text articles, 5 conference proceedings595DarvadstrocelFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseCumulative incidence of safety and efficacy
Cheng et al[47], 2023SR-MA6 studies307MSCPerianal fistulasCombined remission, AEs, clin/rad healing
Lightner et al[34], 2018SR-MA3 RCTs243MSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseClinical remission, AEs
Lee et al[33], 2018SR-MA2 RCTs233MSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseClinical remission, clinical response
Choi et al[46], 2019SR-MA3 RCTs, 13 observational studies400MSCPerianal fistulasClin/rad healing, cumulative incidence of safety and efficacy
Cheng et al[48], 2020SR-MA5 RCTs, 8 nRCTs618MSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseCombined remission, AEs, clin/rad healing, cumulative incidence of safety and efficacy
Li et al[31], 2023SR-MA5 RCTs558MSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseClin/rad healing, AEs
Dave et al[30], 2015SR-MA1 RCTs, 1 case report, 10 observational studies107MSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseCumulative incidence of safety and efficacy
El-Nakeep et al[29], 2022SR-MA4 RCTs269MSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseClin/rad healing
Ko et al[28], 2021SR32 studies762MSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseAEs, healing
Ye et al[27], 2016SR6 HSC studies, 12 MSC studies493MSC, HSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseAEs, healing
Narang et al[57], 2017SR1 RCTs, 3 observational studies270MSC, PRPCryptoglandular fistulaAEs, healing
Qiu et al[26], 2017SR-MA6 RCTs, 15 observational studies597MSC, HSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseClin/rad healing, cumulative incidence of safety and efficacy
Qiu et al[25], 2024SR-MA12 RCTs632MSCFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseClin/rad healing
Cheng et al[45], 2025SR-MA3 nRCTs74MSC exosomesPerianal fistulasCumulative incidence of safety and efficacy
Elsamna et al[56], 2026SR-MA5 RCTs164PRPCleft palate repairFistula occurrence
Mazzaro et al[24], 2024SR-MA10 studies138PRPFistulizing Crohn’s diseaseCumulative incidence of safety and efficacy
Adamska et al[55], 2024SR7 studies164PRPOroantral communication and fistulasCombined remission
Xu et al[44], 2024SR-MA4 RCTs, 15 observational studies418PRPPerianal fistulasClin/rad healing, cumulative incidence of safety and efficacy
Mardiyan Kurniawati et al[54], 2023SR2 RCTs, 4 case reports, 9 observational studies600PRPVesicovaginal fistulaAEs, healing
Wang et al[43], 2023SR-MA5 RCTs, 7 case reports, 2 observational studies514PRPPerianal fistulasClin/rad healing, cumulative incidence of safety and efficacy
Luo et al[42], 2022SR-MA3 RCTs, 6 observational studies289PRPPerianal fistulasClin/rad healing, cumulative incidence of safety and efficacy
SR-MA: Systematic review and meta-analysis; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; MSC: Mesenchymal stem cell; AEs: Adverse events; PDAI: Perianal disease activity index; nRCT: Non-randomized controlled trial; Clin/rad healing: Clinical and/or radiological healing; SR: Systematic review; HSC: Hematopoietic stem cell; PRP: Platelet rich plasma.
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