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Feb 26, 2019 (publication date) through Nov 2, 2025
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Publication Name
World Journal of Stem Cells
ISSN
1948-0210
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019.
World J Stem Cells. Feb 26, 2019; 11(2): 55-72
Published online Feb 26, 2019. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i2.55
Table 1 Tissue sources of mesenchymal stem cells
Tissue sourcesMSCsRef.
Bone marrowBM-MSCs[115]
AdiposeAd-MSCs[116]
PlacentaPl-MSCs[117]
SkinS-MSCs[118]
Umbilical cord bloodUCB-MSCs[119]
Umbilical cord perivascular cellsUCPVC-MSCs[120]
Umbilical cord Wharton’s jellyWJ-MSCs[121]
Amniotic fluidAF-MSCs[122]
Synovial membraneSM-MSCs[123]
Breast milkM-MSCs[124]
Alveolar epithelium (lung)AE-MSCs[125]
Myocardium (heart)Myo-MSCs[126]
Menstrual bloodMen-MSCs[127]
EndometriumEn-MSCs[128]
MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells; BM-MSCs: Bone marrow MSCs; Ad-MSCs: Adipose MSCs; UCB-MSCs: Umbilical cord blood MSCs.
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Table 2 Autoimmune diseases, autism spectrum disorders, and mesenchymal stem cells
Autoimmune diseasesASDMSCs
Autoimmune thyroiditis+Pre-clinical experiment
Rheumatoid arthritis+Pre-clinical experiment; Clinical trials on-going
GVHD-Pre-clinical experiment; Clinical trials
MS-Pre-clinical experiment; Clinical trials on-going
Type 1 diabetes+Pre-clinical experiment; Clinical trials on-going
ASD: Autism spectrum disorders; MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells; GVHD: graft-versus-host-disease; MS: Multiple sclerosis; +: An association between ASD and a family history of autoimmune diseases; -: No or lack of evidence of correlation between autoimmune diseases and ASD.
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