Rational use of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders

doi:10.4252/wjsc.v11.i2.55

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Feb 26, 2019 (publication date) through Nov 24, 2024

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World Journal of Stem Cells

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1948-0210

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Stem Cells. Feb 26, 2019; 11(2): 55-72
Published online Feb 26, 2019. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v11.i2.55

Table 1 Tissue sources of mesenchymal stem cells

Tissue sources	MSCs	Ref.
Bone marrow	BM-MSCs	[115]
Adipose	Ad-MSCs	[116]
Placenta	Pl-MSCs	[117]
Skin	S-MSCs	[118]
Umbilical cord blood	UCB-MSCs	[119]
Umbilical cord perivascular cells	UCPVC-MSCs	[120]
Umbilical cord Wharton’s jelly	WJ-MSCs	[121]
Amniotic fluid	AF-MSCs	[122]
Synovial membrane	SM-MSCs	[123]
Breast milk	M-MSCs	[124]
Alveolar epithelium (lung)	AE-MSCs	[125]
Myocardium (heart)	Myo-MSCs	[126]
Menstrual blood	Men-MSCs	[127]
Endometrium	En-MSCs	[128]

MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells; BM-MSCs: Bone marrow MSCs; Ad-MSCs: Adipose MSCs; UCB-MSCs: Umbilical cord blood MSCs.

Table 2 Autoimmune diseases, autism spectrum disorders, and mesenchymal stem cells

Autoimmune diseases	ASD	MSCs
Autoimmune thyroiditis	+	Pre-clinical experiment
Rheumatoid arthritis	+	Pre-clinical experiment; Clinical trials on-going
GVHD	-	Pre-clinical experiment; Clinical trials
MS	-	Pre-clinical experiment; Clinical trials on-going
Type 1 diabetes	+	Pre-clinical experiment; Clinical trials on-going

ASD: Autism spectrum disorders; MSCs: Mesenchymal stem cells; GVHD: graft-versus-host-disease; MS: Multiple sclerosis; +: An association between ASD and a family history of autoimmune diseases; -: No or lack of evidence of correlation between autoimmune diseases and ASD.

Citation: Liu Q, Chen MX, Sun L, Wallis CU, Zhou JS, Ao LJ, Li Q, Sham PC. Rational use of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders. World J Stem Cells 2019; 11(2): 55-72
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-0210/full/v11/i2/55.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v11.i2.55