Efficacy and safety of sequential hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy following surgery for pathological T staging 4 gastric cancer

Table 1 General patient characteristics, n (%)/mean ± SD/mean (interquartile range)

Characteristic	Before PSM				After PSM
	HIPEC + AC group (n = 96)	AC group (n = 129)	P value	SMD	HIPEC + AC group (n = 80)	AC group (n = 80)	P value	SMD
Sex			0.060				0.587
Male	75 (78.12)	86 (66.67)		-0.243	61 (76.25)	58 (72.50)		-0.084
Female	21 (21.88)	43 (33.33)		0.243	19 (23.75)	22 (27.50)		0.084
Age	60.00 (53.00, 67.25)	65.00 (58.00, 71.00)	< 0.001	0.479	61.50 (55.00, 69.00)	65.00 (55.75, 70.00)	0.299	0.126
Body mass index	21.63 ± 3.21	21.89 ± 3.21	0.550	0.081	21.76 ± 3.22	22.08 ± 3.34	0.546	0.094
Tumor location			0.022				0.884
Upper	27 (28.12)	60 (46.51)		0.369	25 (31.25)	29 (36.25)		0.104
Middle	23 (23.96)	20 (15.50)		-0.234	19 (23.75)	16 (20.00)		-0.094
Lower	45 (46.88)	46 (35.66)		-0.234	35 (43.75)	34 (42.50)		-0.025
Anastomotic site	1 (1.04)	3 (2.33)		0.085	1 (1.25)	1 (1.25)		0.000
Tumor differentiation			0.793				0.668
High-grade	78 (81.25)	103 (79.84)		-0.035	66 (82.50)	68 (85.00)		0.070
Low-grade	18 (18.75)	26 (20.16)		0.035	14 (17.50)	12 (15.00)		-0.070
Pathological T staging			0.897				0.755
T4a	89 (92.71)	119 (92.25)		-0.017	74 (92.50)	75 (93.75)		0.052
T4b	7 (7.29)	10 (7.75)		0.017	6 (7.50)	5 (6.25)		-0.052
Pathological N staging			0.038				0.598
N0	9 (9.38)	25 (19.38)		0.253	9 (11.25)	7 (8.75)		-0.088
N+	87 (90.62)	104 (80.62)		-0.253	71 (88.75)	73 (91.25)		0.088

AC: Adjuvant chemotherapy; HIPEC: Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy; PSM: Propensity score matching; SMD: Standardized mean difference.

Table 2 Chemotherapy agents for hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy regimen, n (%)

	HIPEC + AC group (n = 96)	AC group (n = 129)
Chemotherapy agents for HIPEC
Docetaxel	83 (86.46)	-
5-fluorouracil	13 (13.54)	-
AC regimen
Platinum-based agents	40 (41.67)	64 (49.61)
Taxanes	22 (22.92)	50 (38.76)
Platinum-taxane combinations	26 (27.08)	6 (4.65)
Camptothecins	8 (8.33)	9 (6.98)

AC: Adjuvant chemotherapy; HIPEC: Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.

Table 3 Adverse treatment reaction, n (%)

	Before PSM				After PSM
	HIPEC + AC group	AC group	χ2	P value	HIPEC + AC group	AC group	χ2	P value
Myelosuppression			0.912	0.339			1.006	0.316
Yes	27 (28.13)	44 (34.11)			24 (30.00)	30 (37.50)
No	69 (71.88)	85 (65.89)			56 (70.00)	50 (62.50)
Liver function abnormalities			0.047	0.829			0.000	1.000
Yes	11 (11.46)	16 (12.40)			10 (12.50)	10 (12.50)
No	85 (88.54)	113 (87.60)			70 (87.50)	70 (87.50)

AC: Adjuvant chemotherapy; HIPEC: Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy; PSM: Propensity score matching.

Table 4 Adverse treatment reaction to hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy

	Number	Percentage (%)
Intra-abdominal infection	5	5.21
Intra-abdominal hemorrhage	1	1.04
Abdominal pain	5	5.21
Nausea and vomiting	23	23.96
Diarrhea	3	3.13
Poor appetite and fatigue	3	3.13
Intestinal obstruction	3	3.13