Wuda granules target estrogen receptors and modulate gut microbiota to alleviate postoperative ileus: A multi-omics perspective

doi:10.3748/wjg.v32.i15.115995

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Apr 21, 2026 (publication date) through Apr 15, 2026

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastroenterol. Apr 21, 2026; 32(15): 115995
Published online Apr 21, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i15.115995

Table 1 Primer sequences used for reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction

Genes	Sequence (5’ to 3’)
β-ACTIN	Forward	GGCTGTATTCCCCTCCATCG
β-ACTIN	Reverse	CCAGTTGGTAACAATGCCATGT
TJP-1	Forward	GCCGCTAAGAGCACAGCAA
TJP-1	Reverse	TCCCCACTCTGAAAATGAGGA
Occludin	Forward	TTGAAAGTCCACCTCCTTACAGA
Occludin	Reverse	CCGGATAAAAAGAGTACGCTGG

TJP-1: Tight-junction protein-1.

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Table 2 Molecular docking results summary

Chemical component	Affinity (kcal/mol)
Chemical component	ERα (1a52)	ERβ (5toa)
Linderane	-8.7	-8.9
Quercetin	-8.4	-8.9
Quercitrin	-8.2	-6.3
Isoquercetin	-7.5	-6
Norisoboldine	-7.5	-5.4
Amygdalin	-7.3	-5.4
Boldine	-6.8	-5
Arecaidine	-5.6	-3
Arecoline	-5.2	-0.7
Ginsenoside Rg1	> 0	> 0
Ginsenoside Rd	> 0	> 0
Ginsenoside Rc	> 0	> 0

ER: Estrogen receptor.

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Citation: Wang T, Xu YH, Ou YH, Xiong WJ, Luo LJ, Li J, Peng YH, Chen Y, Zeng HP, Yu Y, Tang HP, Wang F, Yao HL, Wang W. Wuda granules target estrogen receptors and modulate gut microbiota to alleviate postoperative ileus: A multi-omics perspective. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(15): 115995
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i15/115995.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v32.i15.115995