Integrative study reveals NR1D1 mediates Hedyotis diffusa’s antifibrosis via hypoxia inducible factor-1/ammonia axis

doi:10.3748/wjg.v32.i10.115334

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Mar 14, 2026 (publication date) through Mar 2, 2026

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2026. No commercial re-use. See Permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Gastroenterol. Mar 14, 2026; 32(10): 115334
Published online Mar 14, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i10.115334

Table 1 Liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer analysis conditions

Time (minute)	Analytical flow (μL/minute)	A (%)	B (%)
0	300	95	5
1.0	300	95	5
15.00	300	60	40
20.00	300	40	60
25.00	300	5	95
28.00	300	5	95
28.1	300	95	5
32	300	95	5

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Table 2 Information of Hedyotis diffusa injection’s constituents migrating to liver

RT (minute)	Compound	Formula	Adduct	MS2	Source
1.52	Coumarin	C₉H₆O₂	[M+H] +	147.0438; 119.0492; 91.0541; 65.0387	Liver
9.88	Geniposidic acid	C₁₆H₂₂O₁₀	[M+H] +	375.1299; 357.1190; 285.0976; 243.0874; 172.0860; 97.0280	Liver
10.21	Quercetin	C₁₅H₁₀O₇	[M+H] +	303.0756; 303.0507; 257.0453; 229.0482; 153.0179	Liver
11.07	Kaempferol	C₁₅H₁₀O₆	[M+H] +	287.0545; 213.0531; 165.0182; 153.0187; 121.0275	Liver
11.08	Rutin	C₂₇H₃₀O₁₆	[M-H] -	609.1481; 285.0412; 284.0343; 255.0312; 227.0356; 206.8698	Liver
17.92	Emodin	C₁₅H₁₀O₅	[M-H] -	269.0453; 159.0437; 135.0449; 133.0291; 65.0041; 63.0241	Liver

RT: Retention time; MS: Mass spectrometry.

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Citation: Xia SW, Liu H, Yang KY, Gao YJ, Zhang MR, Zhou JW, Kong DS, Wu HY, Zhang F, Chen L. Integrative study reveals NR1D1 mediates Hedyotis diffusa’s antifibrosis via hypoxia inducible factor-1/ammonia axis. World J Gastroenterol 2026; 32(10): 115334
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v32/i10/115334.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v32.i10.115334