Relationship between Epstein-Barr virus and inflammatory bowel disease

Table 1 Summary of Epstein-Barr virus glycoproteins

Protein	Gene	Target cells and related receptors/co-receptors	Type	Expression	Function
gp350/gp220	BLLF1	T-cell CR2/CD21	Single pass type1 membrane	Late lytic/structural	Adhesion and endocytosis
		B-cell CR1/CD35 and CR2/CD21			Adhesion and endocytosis
		Epithelial cells CR2/CD21			Adhesion
gB	BALF4	Epithelial cells neuropilin-1 (NRP1)	Single pass type1 membrane	Late lytic/structural	Endocytosis and fusion
gH	BXLF2	gH/gL heterodimers bind to Epithelial cells' NMHC-IIA/integrin/EphA2, gH/gL/gp42 heterotrimers bind to B-cell HLA-II	Single pass type1 membrane	Late lytic/structural	Adhesion and fusion
gL	BKRF2		Single pass type2 membrane	Late lytic/structural
gp42	BZLF2	gH/gL/gp42 heterotrimers bind to B-cell HLA-II	Single pass type2 membrane	Late lytic/structural	Triggering of fusion and immune evasion
BMRF2	BMRF2	Epithelial cells integrins	Multispanning membrane	Late lytic/structural	Epithelial cells adhesion/fusion and spread
BDLF2	BDLF2	Epithelial cells integrins	Single pass type2 membrane	Late lytic/structural	Epithelial cells adhesion/fusion and spread
BARF1	BARF1	Epithelial cells and B-cells soluble CSF-1 receptors	secreted	Early lytic/Late lytic	Immune evasion: B cells expressed in early lytic, epithelial cells expressed in latency
gp150	BDLF3	Surrounding the surface of APC HLA-I/HLA-II/CD1d antigen complexes	Single pass type1 membrane	Late lytic/structural	Targeting HLA-I, II/CD1d antigen complexes of APC prevents antigen-presenting molecules from binding to TCR, primarily by affecting antigen presentation to T cells to achieve immune escape
gN	BLRF1	gM/gN	Single pass type1 membrane	Late lytic/structural	Assembly and release: Mainly guide the nucleocapsid to the budding site for secondary envelopment, and then promotes viral release by increasing cell membrane permeability
gM	BBRF3		Multispanning membrane	Late lytic/structural
gp78/55	BILF2	Epithelial cells (possible)	Single pass type1 membrane	Late lytic/structural	Promote viral replication
GPCRs	BILF1	Chemokine receptor	Multispanning membrane	Immediate early/early	Immune evasion and spread by down-regulating MHC I molecules of host cells

GPCRs: G protein-coupled receptor.