Kushenol I combats ulcerative colitis via intestinal barrier preservation and gut microbiota optimization

Table 1 Physical state, body weight, fecal traits, blood in the stool, and disease activity index of mice

Weight loss (%)	Stool consistency	Stool bleeding	Score
No loss	Normal	Occult blood test-negative	0
1.0 to < 5.0	Soft but formed	Occult blood test-positive	1
5.0 to < 10.0	Soft	Slight	2
10.0 to < 15.0	Slight diarrhea	Blood traces in stool	3
More than 15.0	Watery diarrhea	Gross rectal bleeding	4

Table 2 Primer sequences used for the amplification of each target gene using polymerase chain reaction, along with the corresponding lengths of the amplified fragments

Target gene	Amplified fragment length/bp	Primer sequences
IL-17	75	Upstream: 5’-TGATGCTGTTGCTGCTGCTGAG-3’
		Downstream: 5’-GACACGCTGAGCTTTGAGGGATG-3’
IL-10	81	Upstream: 5’-GGACAACATACTGCTAACCGACTC-3’
		Downstream: 5’-TGGATCATTTCCGATAAGGCTTGG-3’
TNF-α	118	Upstream: 5’-CCACCACGCTCTTCTGTCTACTG-3’
		Downstream: 5’-TGGTTTGTGAGTGTGAGGGTCTG-3’
IL-1β	145	Upstream: 5’-CACTACAGGCTCCGAGATGAACAAC-3’
		Downstream: 5’-TGTCGTTGCTTGGTTCTCCTTGTAC-3’
IL-6	91	Upstream: 5’-CTTCTTGGGACTGATGCTGGTGAC-3’
		Downstream: 5’-TCTGTTGGGAGTGGTATCCTCTGTG-3’

IL: Interleukin; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor.