Endoscopic full-thickness resection: A definitive solution for local complete resection of small rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms

Table 1 Infiltration depth in endoscopic full-thickness resection group (< 1 cm), n (%)

	Infiltration depth
SM1	3 (15.0)
SM2	1 (5.0)
SM3	15 (75.0)
PM	1 (5.0)

Table 2 Comparison of lesion resection between the two groups, n (%)

Group	Total	ESD	EFTR	P value
Patient number	160 (100)	132 (82.5)	28 (17.5)
Age (year, mean ± SD)	52.24 ± 11.90	52.29 ± 12.20	52.00 ± 10.59	NS
Gender				NS
Male	78 (48.8)	65 (49.2)	13 (46.4)
Female	82 (51.2)	67 (50.8)	15 (53.6)
Tumor location				NS
Lower rectum	98 (61.3)	80 (60.6)	18 (64.3)
Middle rectum	56 (35.0)	47 (35.6)	9 (32.1)
Upper rectum	6 (3.7)	5 (3.8)	1 (3.6)
Tumor size				NS
< 1 cm	123 (76.9)	103 (78.0)	20 (71.4)
1-2 cm	35 (21.9)	28 (21.2)	7 (25.0)
> 2 cm	2 (1.3)	1 (0.8)	1 (3.6)
Post-operative hospitalization (days, mean ± SD)	4.49 ± 1.25	4.35 ± 1.13	5.14 ± 1.60	0.007
procedure time (min, mean ± SD)	31.99 ± 13.39	32.58 ± 12.65	29.21 ± 16.39	NS
Hospitalization cost ($, mean ± SD)	2883.38 ± 229.95	2896.97 ± 231.16	2819.29 ± 216.74	NS

ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; EFTR: Endoscopic full-thickness resection; NS: No significance.

Table 3 Comparison of postoperative pathological features between the two groups (< 1 cm), n (%)

Group	Total	ESD	EFTR	P value
Margin				0.003
Positive	34 (27.6)	34 (33.0)	0 (0)
Negative	89 (72.4)	69 (67.0)	20 (100)
WHO grade				0.017
G1	120 (97.6)	102 (99.0)	18 (90.0)
G2	3 (2.4)	1 (1.0)	2 (10.0)
LVI				NS
Positive	4 (3.3)	4 (3.9)	0 (0.0)
Negative	119 (96.7)	99 (96.1)	20 (100)
PNI				NS
Positive	4 (3.3)	4 (3.9)	0 (0.0)
Negative	119 (96.7)	99 (96.1)	20 (100)

ESD: Endoscopic submucosal dissection; EFTR: Endoscopic full-thickness resection; WHO: World Health Organization; LVI: Lymphatic vessel invasion; PNI: Perineural invasion; NS: No significance.