Copyright
©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Gastroenterol. Oct 28, 2023; 29(40): 5566-5581
Published online Oct 28, 2023. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i40.5566
Published online Oct 28, 2023. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i40.5566
Table 1 Clinicopathological data of patients with small bowel adenocarcinoma
No. of cases (%) | |
Age | |
≤ 68 | 27 (54.0) |
> 68 | 23 (46.0) |
Sex | |
Female | 15 (30.0) |
Male | 35 (70.0) |
Site | |
Duodenum and jejunum | 45 (90.0) |
Ileum | 5 (10.0) |
Histology | |
WD, MD | 41 (82.0) |
PD, Muc | 9 (18.0) |
Depth of invasion | |
pT1-2 | 14 (28.0) |
pT3-4 | 36 (72.0) |
Lymph node metastasis | |
Absence | 27 (54.0) |
Presence | 23 (46.0) |
Distant metastasis | |
Absence | 37 (74.0) |
Presence | 13 (26.0) |
Peritoneal seeding | |
Absence | 40 (80.0) |
Presence | 10 (20.0) |
Chemotherapy | |
Absence | 27 (54.0) |
Presence | 23 (46.0) |
TNM stage | |
I | 14 (28.0) |
II | 13 (26.0) |
III | 10 (20.0) |
IV | 13 (26.0) |
Table 2 Clinicopathological correlation of programmed cell death-ligand 1 and programmed cell death-ligand 2 expression
No. | T-PD-L1 | I-PD-L1 | PD-L1 CPS ≥ 10 | T-PD-L2 | I-PD-L2 | PD-L2 CPS ≥ 10 | |||||||
N (%) | P value | N (%) | P value | N (%) | P value | N (%) | P value | N (%) | P value | N (%) | P value | ||
Age | |||||||||||||
≤ 68 | 27 | 10 (37.0) | NS | 16 (59.3) | NS | 14 (51.9) | NS | 12 (44.4) | NS | 14 (51.9) | NS | 19 (70.4) | 0.027 |
> 68 | 23 | 7 (30.4) | 11 (47.8) | 11 (47.8) | 5 (21.7) | 7 (30.4) | 9 (39.1) | ||||||
Sex | |||||||||||||
Female | 15 | 4 (26.7) | NS | 7 (46.7) | NS | 7 (46.7) | NS | 6 (40.0) | NS | 8 (53.3) | NS | 8 (53.3) | NS |
Male | 35 | 13 (37.1) | 20 (57.1) | 18 (51.4) | 11 (31.4) | 13 (37.1) | 20 (57.1) | ||||||
Site | |||||||||||||
Duodenum and jejunum | 45 | 16 (35.6) | NS | 25 (55.6) | NS | 24 (53.3) | NS | 16 (35.6) | NS | 20 (44.4) | NS | 26 (57.8) | NS |
Ileum | 5 | 1 (20.0) | 2 (40.0) | 1 (20.0) | 1 (20.0) | 1 (20.0) | 2 (40.0) | ||||||
Histology | |||||||||||||
WD, MD | 41 | 13 (31.7) | NS | 24 (58.5) | NS | 21 (51.2) | NS | 17 (41.5) | 0.015 | 19 (46.3) | NS | 26 (63.4) | 0.030 |
PD, Muc | 9 | 4 (44.4) | 3 (33.3) | 4 (44.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (22.2) | 2 (22.2) | ||||||
Depth of invasion | |||||||||||||
pT1-2 | 14 | 0 (0.0) | 0.001 | 4 (28.6) | 0.024 | 2 (14.3) | 0.002 | 5 (35.7) | NS | 6 (42.9) | NS | 6 (42.9) | 0.068 |
pT3-4 | 36 | 17 (47.2) | 23 (63.9) | 23 (63.9) | 12 (33.3) | 15 (41.7) | 22 (61.1) | ||||||
Lymph node metastasis | |||||||||||||
Absence | 27 | 8 (29.6) | NS | 16 (59.3) | NS | 13 (48.1) | NS | 8 (29.6) | NS | 13 (48.1) | NS | 15 (55.6) | NS |
Presence | 23 | 9 (39.1) | 11 (47.8) | 12 (52.2) | 9 (39.1) | 8 (34.8) | 13 (56.5) | ||||||
Distant metastasis | |||||||||||||
Absence | 37 | 12 (32.4) | NS | 22 (59.5) | NS | 20 (54.1) | NS | 13 (35.1) | NS | 18 (48.6) | NS | 23 (62.2) | 0.095 |
Presence | 13 | 5 (38.5) | 5 (38.5) | 5 (38.5) | 4 (30.8) | 3 (23.1) | 5 (38.5) | ||||||
Peritoneal seeding | |||||||||||||
Absence | 40 | 14 (35.0) | NS | 25 (62.5) | 0.019 | 23 (57.5) | 0.034 | 14 (35.0) | NS | 19 (47.5) | NS | 25 (62.5) | NS |
Presence | 10 | 3 (30.0) | 2 (20.0) | 2 (20.0) | 3 (30.0) | 2 (20.0) | 3 (30.0) | ||||||
TNM stage | |||||||||||||
I | 14 | 0 (0.0) | 0.008 | 4 (28.6) | 0.005 | 2 (14.3) | 0.001 | 5 (35.7) | NS | 6 (42.9) | NS | 6 (42.9) | NS |
II | 13 | 8 (61.5) | 12 (92.3) | 11 (84.6) | 3 (23.1) | 7 (53.8) | 9 (69.2) | ||||||
III | 10 | 4 (40.0) | 6 (60.0) | 7 (70.0) | 5 (50.0) | 5 (50.0) | 8 (80.0) | ||||||
IV | 13 | 5 (38.5) | 5 (38.5) | 5 (38.5) | 4 (30.8) | 3 (23.1) | 5 (38.5) | ||||||
MMR status | |||||||||||||
Proficient | 43 | 12 (27.9) | 0.037 | 20 (46.5) | 0.009 | 18 (41.9) | 0.005 | 15 (34.9) | NS | 16 (37.2) | NS | 22 (51.2) | NS |
Deficient | 7 | 5 (71.4) | 7 (100.0) | 7 (100.0) | 2 (28.6) | 5 (71.4) | 6 (85.7) |
Table 3 Clinicopathological correlation of CD8, FoxP3, and FoxP3/CD8
No. | FoxP3 | CD8 | FoxP3/CD8 | ||||
N (%) | P value | N (%) | P value | N (%) | P value | ||
Age | |||||||
≤ 68 | 27 | 14 (51.9) | NS | 14 (51.9) | NS | 14 (51.9) | NS |
> 68 | 23 | 11 (47.8) | 11 (47.8) | 11 (47.8) | |||
Sex | |||||||
Female | 15 | 7 (46.7) | NS | 8 (53.3) | NS | 8 (53.3) | NS |
Male | 35 | 18 (51.4) | 17 (48.6) | 17 (48.6) | |||
Site | |||||||
Duodenum and jejunum | 45 | 22 (48.9) | NS | 23 (51.1) | NS | 22 (48.9) | NS |
Ileum | 5 | 3 (60.0) | 2 (40.0) | 3 (60.0) | |||
Histology | |||||||
WD, MD | 41 | 21 (51.2) | NS | 21 (51.2) | NS | 20 (48.8) | NS |
PD, Muc | 9 | 4 (44.4) | 4 (44.4) | 5 (55.6) | |||
Depth | |||||||
pT1-2 | 14 | 4 (28.6) | 0.059 | 7 (50.0) | NS | 4 (28.6) | 0.059 |
pT3-4 | 36 | 21 (58.3) | 18 (50.0) | 21 (58.3) | |||
Lymph node metastasis | |||||||
Absence | 27 | 11 (40.7) | NS | 17 (63.0) | 0.047 | 8 (29.6) | 0.002 |
Presence | 23 | 14 (60.9) | 8 (34.8) | 17 (73.9) | |||
Distant metastasis | |||||||
Absence | 37 | 16 (43.2) | NS | 22 (59.5) | 0.024 | 14 (37.8) | 0.004 |
Presence | 13 | 9 (69.2) | 3 (23.1) | 11 (84.6) | |||
Peritoneal seeding | |||||||
Absence | 40 | 19 (47.5) | NS | 23 (57.5) | 0.034 | 16 (40.0) | 0.005 |
Presence | 10 | 6 (60.0) | 2 (20.0) | 9 (90.0) | |||
TNM stage | |||||||
I | 14 | 4 (28.6) | NS | 7 (50.0) | NS | 4 (28.6) | 0.011 |
II | 13 | 7 (53.8) | 10 (76.9) | 4 (30.8) | |||
III | 10 | 5 (50.0) | 5 (50.0) | 6 (60.0) | |||
IV | 13 | 9 (69.2) | 3 (23.1) | 11 (84.6) | |||
MMR status | |||||||
Proficient | 43 | 19 (44.2) | 0.049 | 20 (46.5) | NS | 22 (51.2) | NS |
Deficient | 7 | 6 (85.7) | 5 (71.4) | 3 (42.9) |
Table 4 Mutual relationship of programmed cell death-ligand 1, programmed cell death-ligand 2, CD8 and FoxP3 (n = 50)
Table 5 Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis for cancer-specific survival (n = 50)
Variables | Categories | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
HR (95%CI) | P value | HR (95%CI) | P value | ||
Histological type | PD, Muc vs. WD, MD | 2.252 (0.799-6.348) | NS | ||
Depth | pT3-4 vs. pT1-2 | 39.308 (0.661-2337.048) | NS | ||
Lymph node metastasis | Positive vs. negative | 42.764 (5.639-324.314) | < 0.001 | 66.320 (7.494-586.923) | < 0.001 |
T-PD-L1 | Positive vs. negative | 0.733 (0.261-2.059) | NS | ||
I-PD-L1 | Positive vs. negative | 0.367 (0.137-0.980) | 0.046 | 1.156 (0.231-5.769) | NS |
PD-L1 CPS ≥ 10 | Positive vs. negative | 0.621 (0.240-1.606) | NS | ||
T-PD-L2 | Positive vs. negative | 0.702 (0.249-1.981) | NS | ||
I-PD-L2 | Positive vs. negative | 0.243 (0.070-0.840) | 0.025 | 0.113 (0.020-0.650) | 0.015 |
PD-L2 CPS ≥ 10 | Positive vs. negative | 0.493 (0.191-1.276) | NS | ||
FoxP3 | High vs. low | 1.067 (0.423-2.694) | NS | ||
CD8 | High vs. low | 0.311 (0.111-0.872) | 0.026 | 1.922 (0.164-22.481) | NS |
FoxP3/CD8 | High vs. low | 4.490 (1.476-13.660) | 0.008 | 1.476 (0.138-15.769) | NS |
- Citation: Hoshimoto A, Tatsuguchi A, Hamakubo R, Nishimoto T, Omori J, Akimoto N, Tanaka S, Fujimori S, Hatori T, Shimizu A, Iwakiri K. Clinical significance of programmed cell death-ligand expression in small bowel adenocarcinoma is determined by the tumor microenvironment. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29(40): 5566-5581
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v29/i40/5566.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v29.i40.5566