Determination of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and gastric adenocarcinoma on raw tissue using Raman spectroscopy

Table 1 Patients‘ background

Patient number	Patient	Clinical diagnosis	Number of lesions	Treatment date
1	50-year-old, female	Esophageal cancer	1	December 20, 2018
2	65-year-old, male	Esophageal cancer	1	December 20, 2018
3	61-year-old, male	Esophageal cancer	1	January 11, 2019
4	61-year-old, male	Esophageal cancer	2	January 18, 2019
5	78-year-old, female	Esophageal cancer	1	April 18, 2019
6	72-year-old, female	Stomach cancer	1	January 8, 2019
7	63-year-old, male	Stomach cancer	1	January 18, 2019
8	56-year-old, male	Stomach cancer	1	January 24, 2019
9	58-year-old, male	Stomach cancer	1	February 3, 2019
10	79-year-old, male	Stomach cancer	1	February 4, 2019
11	77-year-old, male	Stomach cancer	1	February 17, 2019
12	80-year-old, male	Stomach cancer	2	February 28, 2019
13	65-year-old, male	Stomach cancer	1	February 28, 2019
14	68-year-old, male	Stomach cancer	1	April 8, 2019
15	66-year-old, female	Stomach adenoma	1	May 19, 2019
16	38-year-old, female	Stomach submucosal tumor	1	April 9, 2019

Table 2 Fifteen Raman shift parameters obtained from the raw tissues and the range of the shifts[7,9]

Number	Assigned peak	Shift start (cm-1)	Shift end (cm-1)
RS 1	Phenylalanine C-C twist	611	631
RS 2	Cholesterol	700	720
RS 3	Tryptophane ring breath	751	771
RS 4	Tyrosine ring breath	830	850
RS 5	Phenylalanine ring breath	993	1013
RS 6	Skeletal C-C	1060	1080
RS 7	Nucleotide O-P-O	1091	1111
RS 8	Skeletal C-C stretch	1123	1143
RS 9	Amide III beta-sheet	1244	1264
RS 10	Amide III delta (CH)2	1275	1295
RS 11	Amide III alpha-helix	1322	1342
RS 12	CH2 stretch	1408	1428
RS 13	CH3 deformation	1448	1468
RS 14	Phenylalanine C=C	1596	1616
RS 15	Amide I alpha-helix	1647	1667

Table 3 Esophageal and gastric samples and histopathological diagnosis along with TNM classification

Sample number	Patient	Pathological diagnosis (UICC TNM classification)
Eso-1	50-year-old, female	SCC, pT1a (LPM)
Eso-2	65-year-old, male	SCC, pT1a (LPM)
Eso-3	61-year-old, male	SCC, pT1a (MM)
Eso-4	61-year-old, male	SCC, pTis
Eso-5	61-year-old, male	SCC, pTis
Eso-6	78-year-old, female	SCC, pT1b (SM)
Sto-1	72-year-old, female	Tub1, pT1a
Sto-2	63-year-old, male	Tub1>tub2, pT1b2
Sto-3	56-year-old, male	Tub1, pT1b1
Sto-4	58-year-old, male	Tub1, pT1b1
Sto-5	79-year-old, male	Tub1, pT1b1
Sto-6	77-year-old, male	Tub1, pT1a
Sto-7	80-year-old, male	Tub1, pT1b1
Sto-8	80-year-old, male	Tub1, pT1a
Sto-9	65-year-old, male	Tub1, pT1a
Sto-10	68-year-old, male	Tub1, pT1a
Sto-11	66-year-old, female	Tubular adenoma
Sto-12	38-year-old, female	Carcinoid tumor (NET G1), pT1b

Tub1: Well differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. UICC: Union for International Cancer Control; SCC: Squamous cell carcinoma; TNM: Tumor node metastasis.

Table 4 Raman shift peaks observed in the esophageal and the gastric samples

	Peak 1	Peak 2	Peak 3
Esophagus	RS 8	RS 1	RS 13
Stomach	RS12	RS 5	RS 15

Table 5 Cut-off ratios obtained from the esophagus and stomach samples

	Cut-off 1 (peak 2/peak 1)	Cut-off 2 (peak 3/peak 1)
Esophagus	0.65	2.0
Stomach	1.85	2.0