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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 28, 2021; 27(32): 5362-5375
Published online Aug 28, 2021. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i32.5362
Table 1 Changes in microbiota composition associated with anti-programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death protein ligand 1 treatment efficacy against cancer and potential strategies for improving efficacy
Models
Disease
Implicated microbiota
New strategies
Implicated microbiota
Ref.
MiceMelanomaBifidobacterium(1) FMT; and (2) Commercial cocktail of Bifidobacterium including Bifidobacterium breve and B. longumNOSivan et al[60], 2015
MiceCRCBacteroides_sp._CAG:927↑, Bacteroidales_S24-7↑, Akkermansia muciniphilaNONOXu et al[61], 2020
MiceCT26 tumoursNOGQDs__Bacteroides acidifaciens↑, s__uncultured_organism_g__norank_f__Bacteroidales_S24-7↑Lv et al[62], 2019
MiceRCCNO(1) FMT; (2) A. muciniphila; and (3) Bacteroides salyersiaeNODerosa et al[66], 2020
MiceMelanomaNOFMTNOMatson et al[68], 2018
MiceMCA-205 sarcoma NO(1) FMT; (2) A. muciniphila; and (3) A. muciniphila with Enterococcus hirae; Alistipes indistinctusNORouty et al[69], 2018
Mice(1) RET; and (2) MelanomaNO(1) A. muciniphila; and (2) A. muciniphila with Enterococcus hirae; NORouty et al[69], 2018
HumanNSCLCParabacteroides↑, Methanobrevibacter↑, Veillonella↓, Selenomonadales↓, NegativicutesNONOSong et al[63], 2020
HumanNSCLCGut microbial diversity↑, Alistipes putredinis↑, B. longum↑, Prevotella copri↑, Ruminococcus unclassifiedNONOJin et al[64], 2019
HumanNSCLCAltered gut microbiota metabolomeNONOBotticelli et al[65], 2020
HumanRCCA. muciniphila ↑, Bacteroides salyersiae↑, Clostridium hathewayiNONODerosa et al[66], 2020
HumanMelanomaGut microbial diversity↑, Clostridiales/Ruminococcaceae↑, Faecalibacterium↑, Anaerotruncus colihominis↓, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron↓, Escherichia coliNONOGopalakrishnan et al[67], 2018
HumanMelanomaBifidobacterium adolescentis↑, B. longum↑, Collinsella aerofaciens↑, Enterococcus faecium↑, Klebsiella pneumoniae↑, Lactobacillus species↑, Parabacteroides merdae↑, Veillonella parvula↑, Ruminococcus obeum↓, Roseburia intestinalisNONOMatson et al[68], 2018
HumanNSCLC and RCC A. muciniphila NONORouty et al[69], 2018
HumanMelanomaNOFMTNOBaruch et al[83], 2021
Table 2 Changes in microbiota composition associated with anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 efficacy treatment against cancer and potential strategies for improving efficacy
Models
Disease
Implicated microbiota
New strategies
Implicated microbiota
Ref.
MiceMCA205 sarcomasClostridiales↑, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron↑, B. uniformis↑, Bacteroidales↓, Burkholderiales↓,(1) B. thetaiotaomicron; (2) B fragilis; and (3) Burkholderia cepaciaNOVétizou et al[70], 2015
MiceCRCNOLactobacillus acidophilus cell lysatesNOZhuo et al[73], 2019
MiceCRCNO(1) Bifidobacterium pseudolongum; (2) Lactobacillus johnsonii; (3) Olsenella spp; and (4) Metabolite inosineNOMager et al[74], 2020
HuamnMelanomaFaecalibacterium genus↑, unclassified Ruminococcus↑, Lachnospiraceae genus↑, Clostridium XIVa↑, Blautia↑, Butyrate producing bacterium↑, Gemmiger formicilis↑, Bacteroides↓, B. fragilis↓, B. thetaiotaomicronNONOChaput et al[72], 2017