Histological differentiation impacts the tumor immune microenvironment in gastric carcinoma: Relation to the immune cycle

Table 1 Clinical-pathological features of the patients

Characteristics	Intestinal GC	Mucinous GC	Diffuse GC	Total	P value
Number	31	4	15	50
Age	56.3 11.2	51.3 7.37	46.0 18.3	52.8 13.7	0.174
Sex, n (%)					0.738
Males	18 (58.1)	3 (75)	8 (53.5)	29 (58)
Females	13 (41.9)	1 (25)	7 (46.7)	21 (42)
Stage, n (%)					0.33
Stage 2	2 (6.5)	0	0	2 (4)
Stage 3	13 (41.9)	1 (25)	6 (40)	20 (40)
Stage 4	16 (51.6)	3 (75)	9 (60)	28 (56)
Grade, n (%)		-	-
G1	5 (16.1)
G2	11 (35.5)
G3	15 (48.4)
MMR status
MSI	2	-	-	2
MSS	29	4	15	48

GC: Gastric carcinoma; MMR: Mismatch repair; MSI: Microsatellite unstable; MSS: Microsatellite stable.

Table 2 Immune cells number in gastric carcinoma of different histological types and tumor immune microenvironment

Characteristics	CD8+ cells		CD68+ cells		CD163+ cells
	TC	TS	TC	TS	TC	TS
Histological type
Intestinal	214 ± 44.9	202 ± 14.7	303 ± 21.7	244 ± 12.4	173 ± 17.3	170 ± 9.67
	124-305	173-232	259-347	219-269	138-208	151-190
Diffuse	49.5 ± 6.63	66.0 ± 6.03	339 ± 23.6	225 ± 23.8	51.7 ± 8.60	55.5 ± 8.94
	36.0-63.1	43.6-98.3	291-388	176-274	34.1-69.4	37.2-73.9
Mucinous	7.53 ± 2.50	52.5 ± 37.5	101 ± 59.0	219 ± 16.2	12.5 ± 11.8	62.5 ± 12.5
	2.26-34.3	23.9-82.9	64-125	126-264	6.32-78.2	36-121
	P = 0.045	P = 0.059	P = 0.071	P = 0.471	P = 0.032	P = 0.011
TIME type
ID	43.7 ± 4.05	43.2 ± 5.93	367.5 ± 36.9	213.1 ± 35.9	72.5 ± 18.3	48.7 ± 10.5
	35.1-52.3	30.6-55.7	288-446	135-290	33.2-111	26.2-71.2
IE	19.4 ± 3.43	112 ± 15.2	157.3 ± 29.6	266.6 ± 25.8	55.5 ± 13.6	119.5 ± 16.3
	12.2-26.7	80.1-144	94.5-220	211-321	26.5-84.4	84.9-154.1
Inflamed	229 ± 44.9	190 ± 16.5	352.8 ± 15.6	232.6 ± 13.7	165.6 ± 18.2	151.3 ± 12.1
	138-319	156-223	321-384	204-260	128-202	126-175
	P = 0.042	P = 0.004	P = 0.674	P = 0.060	P = 0.024	P = 0.011
Status PD-L1 expression
Positive	341 ± 72.3	204 ± 52.7	430 ± 27.7	200 ± 8.19	231 ± 54.3	135 ± 29.5
	66.3-488	58.4-350	341-518	174-226	58.4-404	41.3-229
Negative	49.0 ± 13.1	116 ± 20.7	261 ± 41.4	279 ± 37.9	96.3 ± 28.0	131 ± 28.2
	20.1-77.9	72.0-159	169-352	195-362	34.6-157	69.5-193
	P = 0.010	P = 0.075	P = 0.252	P = 0.715	P = 0.032	P = 0.260

TC: Tumor clusters; TS: Peritumor stroma; TIME: Tumor immune microenvironment; PD-L1: Programmed death-ligand 1; ID: Immune desert; IE: Immune-excluded.

Table 3 Relationship between immunophenotype and histological pattern of gastric carcinoma

Characteristics	ID TIME	IE TIME	Inf TIME	Total number
Histological types of GC, n (%)
Intestinal	1 (3.2)	5 (16.1)	25 (80.7)	31 (62)
Diffuse	8 (53.3)	5 (33.3)	2 (13.3)	15 (30)
Mucinous	1 (25)	3 (75)	0	4 (8)
				P < 0.001
PD-L1 expression status, n (%)
PD-L1 positive GCs	1 (5.6)	0	8 (94.4)	9 (18)
PD-L1 negative GCs	9 (21.9)	13 (31.8)	19 (46.3)	41 (82)
Total number	10	13	27	50
				P < 0.001

TIME: Tumor immune microenvironment; PD-L1: Programmed death-ligand 1; GC: Gastric carcinoma; ID: Immune desert; IE: Immune-excluded.