Comparison of decompression tubes with metallic stents for the management of right-sided malignant colonic obstruction

Table 1 Patient characteristics and clinicopathological findings

	All cases	Decompression tube	SEMS	P value
Cases	40	21	19
Age (median, IQR)	67.5(59-78.75)	68(62.5-78.5)	66.5(56.5-81)	0.63
Sex
Male	19	11	8
Female	21	10	11	0.545
BMI (median, IQR)	22.1 (21.1-24.9)	23.0 (21.8-26.1)	21.6 (20.6-23.5)	0.098
Location
Cecum	4	4	0
Ascending colon	17	6	11
Transverse colon	19	11	8	0.053
Histological type
W/D and M/D	35	18	17
P/D, muc, and sig	5	3	2	1
Lymphatic invasion
absent	4	0	4
present	36	21	15	0.042
Vascular invasion
absent	5	1	4
present	35	20	15	0.172
TNM stage
2	17	8	9
3	17	12	5
4	6	1	5	0.063
Observation period (median, IQR)	3.02 (1.51-5.00)	4.43 (1.88-5.83)	2.05 (1.32-3.39)	0.075

IQR: Interquartile range; BMI: Body mass index; LN: Lymph nodes; W/D: Well differentiated; M/D: Moderately differentiated; P/D: Poorly differentiated; muc: Mucinous adenocarcinoma; sig: Signet ring cell carcinoma; SEMS: Self-expandable metallic stents.

Table 2 Operation findings and short-term outcomes

	Decompression tube	SEMS	P value
Cases	21	19
Operation method
Open	8	0
Laparoscopy	13	19	0.004
Harvested LN (median, IQR)	15 (9.5-27)	28 (15-34)	0.028
Operation time (min, median, IQR)	134 (85.5-147)	124 (84-143)	0.807
Blood loss (mL, median, IQR)	50 (10-81.5)	10 (0-50)	0.033
Complications associated with bowel decompression	3	2	1.000
Technical failure	2	1
Colon perforation during decompression	1	1
Overall postoperative complications	8	6	0.748
sSSI	3	3
dSSI	0	2
Prolonged ileus	3	0
Heart failure	1	0
Pneumonia	1	0
Pseudomembranous colitis	1	0
Delirium	0	1
Clavian-Dindo classification
0	13	13
I	2	4
II	5	0
III	1	2	0.116

IQR: Interquartile range; LN: Lymph nodes; sSSI: Superficial surgical site infection; dSSI: Deep surgical site infection; SEMS: Self-expandable metallic stent.

Table 3 Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses of overall survival

Variables	HR	95%CI	P value
Sex
Male	Reference
Female	0.08	0.01-0.49	0.006
Histological type
W/D and M/D	Reference
P/D, muc, and sig	6.61	0.80-54.36	0.079
TNM Stage
2	Reference
3	14.64	1.98-108	0.009
4	18.90	1.48-242	0.024
Bowel decompression
Decompression tube	Reference
SEMS	17.41	2.50-121	0.004

HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; W/D: Well differentiated; M/D: Moderately differentiated; P/D: Poorly differentiated; muc: Mucinous adenocarcinoma; sig: Signet ring cell carcinoma; SEMS: Self-expandable metallic stents.

Table 4 Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses of disease free survival

Variables	HR	95%CI	P value
Age	0.93	0.88-0.99	0.013
Histological type
W/D and M/D	Reference
P/D, muc, and sig	3.63	0.80-16.31	0.092
Harvested LN	0.93	0.87-1.00	0.047
TNM Stage
2	Reference
3	5.68	1.42-22.75	0.014
4	2.00	0.37-10.55	0.429
Bowel decompression
Decompression tube	Reference
SEMS	14.56	2.50-85.57	0.003

HR: Hazard ratio; CI: Confidence interval; W/D: Well differentiated; M/D: Moderately differentiated; P/D: Poorly differentiated; muc: Mucinous adenocarcinoma; sig: Signet ring cell carcinoma; SEMS: Self-expandable metallic stents; LN: Lymph nodes.