Randomized controlled trial of uncut Roux-en-Y vs Billroth II reconstruction after distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer: Which technique is better for avoiding biliary reflux and gastritis?

Table 1 Clinical and pathological data of the patients

Variable	Group U	Group B	P value
Age (yr)	58.0 ± 11.4	61.8 ± 11.4	0.030
Gender			0.287
Male	60 (75.9)	54 (68.4)
Female	19 (24.1)	25 (31.6)
Pathological tumor stage			0.822
IB	3 (3.8)	2 (2.5)
IIA	31 (39.2)	27 (34.2)
IIIB	28 (35.4)	29 (36.7)
IIIA	17 (21.5)	21 (26.6)
Operative time (min)	154.8 ± 17.8	145.5 ± 15.1	0.001
Blood loss (mL)	74.1 ± 26.7	74.0 ± 36.6	0.980

Values are presented as number (%) or mean ± SD.

Table 2 Postoperative complications in the two groups n (%)

Item	Group U	Group B	P value
Duodenal stump leakage	1 (1.3)	3 (3.8)	0.620
Chylous fistula	1 (1.3)	0	1.000
Ileus	1 (1.3)	1 (1.3)	1.000
Anastomotic bleeding	0	1 (1.3)	1.000
Intra-abdominal bleeding	2 (2.5)	2 (2.5)	1.000
Incision infection	1 (1.3)	0	1.000
Gastroparesis syndrome	0	0	-
A-loop syndrome	0	1 (1.3)	1.000
Total	6 (7.6)	8 (10.1)	0.576

Values are presented as number only, or number (%). A-loop syndrome: Afferent loop syndrome.

Table 3 Perioperative stomach pH values

Time	Group U	Group B	P value
Preoperative	1.97 ± 0.19	1.99 ± 0.21
Day 1	6.38 ± 0.18	7.21 ± 0.36
Day 2	6.28 ± 0.29	7.35 ± 0.32
Day 3	6.48 ± 0.38	7.27 ± 0.38
Day 4	6.64 ± 0.22	7.27 ± 0.35
Day 5	6.56 ± 0.29	7.24 ± 0.42
			0.000

Values are presented as mean ± SD. Change of potential of hydrogen (pH) in the remnant stomach was recorded at 8:00 am on the day before surgery as well as 1–5 d after surgery.

Table 4 The follow-up data

Item	Group U	Group B	P value
3 mo later	n = 77	n = 76
Esophagogastroduodenal series
Full emptying at 30 min	59 (76.6)	67 (88.2)	0.061
Partial recanalization	0	-	-
1 yr later	n = 69	n = 72
Heartburn	7 (10.1)	17 (23.6)	0.033
Weight gain (kg)	-0.04 ± 3.6	-0.18 ± 3.8	0.723
Endoscopic finding
Residual food	8 (11.6)	3 (4.2)	0.178
Grade 0	61	69
Grade 1	7	3
Grade 2	1	0
Grade 3-4	0	0
Gastritis	38 (55.1)	52 (72.2)	0.044
Grade 0	31	20
Grade 1	30	35
Grade 2	8	17
Grade 3-4	0	0
Bile reflux	42 (60.9)	65 (90.3)	0.000
Grade 0	27	7
Grade 1	34	23
Grade 2	8	42
Partial recanalization	9 (13.0)	-	-
Biopsy of gastritis	44 (63.8)	51 (70.8)	0.278
Grade 0	25	21
Grade 1	39	45
Grade 2	5	6

Values are presented as number only, or number (%).