Perspectives of traditional Chinese medicine in pancreas protection for acute pancreatitis

Table 1 Commonly used traditional Chinese medicine for AP treatment and their action targets/mechanisms

TCM	Targets/mechanisms	Ref.
Dachengqi decoction	Induce apoptosis, protect from pancreas injury, recover intestinal mucosal permeability	[16-24]
Qingyi decoction	Anti-inflammation, inhibit pancreatic enzymes, inhibit intestinal bacterial translocation, protect from organ injury	[25-28]
Yinchenchengqi decoction	Induce apoptosis	[29]
Chaiqinchengqi decoction	Inhibit pancreatic enzymes, anti-inflammation	[10]
Huoxueqingyi decoction	Shorten hospital stay, reduce hospitalization cost, decrease duration of SIRS, alleviate hyperamylasemia	[31]
Dahuangfuzi decoction	Anti-inflammatory, protect from organ injury	[32]
Rheum	Anti-inflammation, inhibiting intestinal bacterial translocation, protect from organ injury, accelerating pancreatic repair and regeneration	[33-35]
Salvia miltiorrhizae	Anti-inflammation, induce apoptosis, improve microcirculation, clean reactive oxygen species, protect from organ injury, strengthen the immunity function	[36-38]
Natrii sulfas	Relieve symptoms, inhibit pancreatic enzymes, reduce APACHE II score	[39]
Emodin	Anti-inflammation, inhibit endoplasmic reticulum stress, protect from organ injury, induce apoptosis, improve pancreas microcirculation, accelerate pancreatic repair and regeneration	[40-54]
Baicalin	Anti-inflammation	[54, 56-57]
Baicalein	Induce apoptosis	[58-59]
Scutellarin	Inhibit pancreatic enzymes, protect from organ injury	[60-63]
Ligustrazine	Induce apoptosis, anti-inflammation, inhibit pancreatic enzymes, protect from organ injury	[64-67]
Resveratrol	Induce apoptosis, anti-inflammation, inhibit pancreatic enzymes, antioxidant, immunoregulation	[68-71]
Artemisinin	Induce apoptosis, anti-inflammation, inhibit pancreatic enzymes	[72]

TCM: Traditional Chinese medicine.