Small-volume chylous ascites after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer: Results from a large population-based sample

Table 1 Clinical manifestations of small-volume chylous ascites following laparoscopic radical gastrectomy

Symptom	n (%)
Abnormal blood leukocyte increase	54 (94.7)
Abdominal pain	40 (70.1)
Fever	20 (35.1)
Abdominal distension	19 (33.3)
Abdominal bleeding	2 (3.51)

Table 2 Comparison of the variables of patients with and without small-volume chylous ascites, according to a univariate analysis

Characteristic	SVCA (n = 57)	No SVCA (n = 1309)	P value
Gender			0.963
Male	43	991
Female	14	318
Age (yr)	63.60 ± 9.344	61.18 ± 11.346	0.091
Preoperative anemia			0.013
Present	26	395
Absent	31	914
Preoperative hypoproteinemia			0.012
Present	22	314
Absent	35	995
Tumor size (cm)			0.735
≥ 5	26	627
< 5	31	682
Tumor location			0.179
Upper	12	303
Middle	18	283
Lower	20	609
Diffuse	7	114
Histology			0.911
Differentiated	24	599
Undifferentiated	33	710
Tumor depth			0.690
T1	15	319
T2	6	147
T3	13	388
T4	23	455
Surgical management			0.481
Distal gastrectomy	28	603
Total gastrectomy	29	706
Lymph node status			0.004
N0	12	480
N1	9	195
N2	16	201
N3	20	433
Resected LNs (n)	35.12 ± 13.691	31.35 ± 11.494	0.045
Operative time (min)	201.12 ± 66.076	192.24 ± 84.062	0.430

SVCA: Small-volume chylous ascites.

Table 3 Correlation between small-volume chylous ascites and perigastric lymph nodes metastasis (n)

	LADG		P value	LATG		P value
	SVCA	No SVCA		SVCA	No SVCA
No. 1			0.969			0.314
+	1	31		5	138
-	18	581		33	559
No. 2	/	/	/			0.896
+	/	/		8	153
-				30	544
No. 3			0.948			0.115
+	7	221		18	420
-	12	391		20	277
No. 4			0.692			0.161
+	6	168		15	201
-	13	444		23	496
No. 5			0.458			0.093
+	4	91		1	79
-	15	521		37	618
No. 6			0.353			0.837
+	4	190		6	119
-	15	422		32	578
No. 7			0.431			0.505
+	1	67		9	200
-	18	545		29	497
No. 8			0.014			0.035
+	7	96		9	285
-	12	516		29	412
No. 9			0.017			0.000
+	6	78		32	240
-	13	534		6	457
No. 10			/			0.126
+	/	/		5	167
-	/	/		33	530
No. 11			0.898			0.134
+	2	59		5	165
-	17	553		33	532
No. 12a			0.579			0.182
+	15	450		21	459
-	4	162		17	238

LADG: Laparoscopic-assisted distal gastrectomy; SVCA: Small-volume chylous ascites; +: Positive; -: Negative.

Table 4 Multivariable analysis of the factors associated with the development of small-volume chylous ascites

Factor	P value	OR	95%CI
Resected LNs (n)	0.010	2.069	1.187	3.605
(≥ 32 vs < 32)
No. 8 metastasis	0.039	2.102	1.037	4.261
(positive vs negative)
No. 9 metastasis	0.000	4.019	2.011	8.030
(positive vs negative)
Preoperative anemia	0.486	1.247	0.67	2.321
(present vs absent)
Preoperative hypoproteinemia	0.076	0.566	0.302	1.062
(present vs absent)
N stage	0.000
N1 vs N0	0.053	1.519	0.688	7.426
N2 vs N0	0.000	5.194	2.244	12.021
N3 vs N0	0.000	7.342	2.774	19.431

LNs: Lymph nodes.

Table 5 Comparison of postoperative recovery between the small-volume chylous ascites and non-small-volume chylous ascites groups

Factor	SVCA (n = 57)	No SVCA (n = 1309)	P value
Postoperative anal exhaust (d)	3.54 ± 1.283	3.54 ± 1.343	0.963
Postoperative food intake (d)	4.19 ± 2.326	4.62 ± 1.772	0.078
Postoperative hospital stay (d)	25.14 ± 15.693	13.11 ± 5.894	< 0.001
WBC count (POD1, × 109/L)	12.5 ± 3.8	13.1 ± 4.8	0.376
WBC count (POD3, × 109/L)	15.2 ± 2.4	12.2 ± 3.6	0.023
WBC count (POD5, × 109/L)	17.6 ± 4.7	11.6 ± 2.2	0.018
WBC count (POD7, × 109/L)	16.2 ± 5.8	10.9 ± 3.1	0.013
WBC count (discharge)	8.1 ± 1.5	7.3 ± 2.2	0.541

POD: Postoperative day; SVCA: Small-volume chylous ascites.