Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio predicts survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection

Table 1 Relationship between lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and clinicopathological characteristics

Variable	No. of patients	LMR		P value
		≤ 3.23 (n = 66)	> 3.23 (n = 144)
Age (yr)
< 60	165	52	113	0.959
≥ 60	45	14	31
Gender
Female	25	6	19	0.394
Male	185	60	125
Liver cirrhosis
Absent	49	7	42	0.003
Present	161	59	102
ALT (U/L)
≤ 75	172	51	121	0.238
> 75	38	15	23
Total bilirubin (μmol/L)
≤ 34	197	57	140	0.002
> 34	13	9	4
Albumin (g/L)
< 35	15	7	8	0.303
≥ 35	195	59	136
ALP (U/L)
≤ 100	171	51	120	0.294
> 100	39	15	24
AFP (ng/dL)
≤ 400	124	38	86	0.769
> 400	86	28	58
Tumor size (cm)
≤ 5	157	43	114	0.030
> 5	53	23	30
Tumor number
Single	184	59	125	0.597
Multiple	26	7	19
Portal vein thrombus
Absent	196	61	135	0.952
Present	14	5	9
Microvascular invasion
Absent	170	55	115	0.552
Present	40	11	29
Histological differentiation
Poor	22	8	14	0.598
Well and Moderate	188	58	130
ALC (× 109/L)
≤ 1.66	117	50	67	< 0.001
> 1.66	93	16	77
AMC (× 109/L)
≤ 0.29	57	3	54	< 0.001
> 0.29	153	63	90

AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; ALC: Absolute lymphocyte count; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; AMC: Absolute monocyte count; LMR: Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio.

Table 2 Cox proportional hazards model of prognostic factors for overall survival in 210 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative hepatectomy

Variable	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Age (yr), ≥ 60 vs < 60	0.766 (0.410-1.433)	0.404
Gender, male vs female	0.829 (0.296-2.321)	0.721
Liver cirrhosis, yes vs no	7.641 (1.853-31.509)	0.005	7.084 (1.694-29.614)	0.007
ALT (U/L), > 75 vs ≤ 75	1.513 (0.771-2.970)	0.229
Total bilirubin (μmol/L), > 34 vs ≤ 34	2.085 (0.822-5.288)	0.122
Albumin (g/L), ≥ 35 vs < 35	0.242 (0.112-0.522)	< 0.001
ALP (U/L), > 100 vs ≤ 100	2.116 (1.148-3.899)	0.016	2.137 (1.153-3.964)	0.016
AFP (ng/dL), > 400 vs ≤ 400	0.956 (0.535-1.705)	0.878
Tumor size (cm), > 5 vs ≤ 5	2.154 (1.204-3.853)	0.010
Tumor number, multiple vs single	1.048 (0.444-2.477)	0.915
Portal vein thrombus: yes vs no	3.348 (1.492-7.512)	0.003
Microvascular invasion: yes vs no	2.121 (1.151-3.911)	0.016	2.307 (1.217- 4.370)	0.010
Histological differentiation, poor vs well and moderate	2.888 (1.467-5.684)	0.002	2.375 (1.195-4.721)	0.014
BCLC stage, B + C vs 0 + A	2.110 (1.197-3.720)	0.010	2.155 (1.213-3.831)	0.009
Preoperative LMR, > 3.23 vs ≤ 3.23	0.352 (0.199-0.623)	< 0.001	0.398 (0.219-0.725)	0.003

AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; LMR: Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio.

Table 3 Cox proportional hazards model of prognostic factors for recurrence-free survival in 210 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after curative hepatectomy

Variable	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Age(yr), ≥ 60 vs < 60	1.319 (0.859-2.027)	0.206
Gender, male vs female	0.855 (0.458-1.594)	0.621
Liver cirrhosis: yes vs no	1.316 (0.831-2.086)	0.242
ALT (U/L), > 75 vs ≤ 75	1.709 (1.096-2.665)	0.018	1.510 (0.960-2.375)	0.074
Total bilirubin (μmol/L), > 34 vs ≤ 34	1.471 (0.715-3.023)	0.294
Albumin (g/L), ≥ 35 vs < 35	0.279 (0.160-0.485)	< 0.001
ALP (U/L), > 100 vs ≤ 100	1.506 (0.964-2.354)	0.072
AFP (ng/dL), > 400 vs ≤ 400	0.934 (0.636-1.373)	0.730
Tumor size (cm), > 5 vs ≤ 5	2.020 (1.354-3.012)	0.001
Tumor number, multiple vs single	1.599 (0.953-2.684)	0.075
Portal vein thrombus, yes vs no	2.282 (1.150-4.529)	0.018
Microvascular invasion, yes vs no	1.185 (0.742-1.892)	0.478
Histological differentiation, poor vs well and moderate	2.628 (1.561-4.425)	< 0.001	2.610 (1.542-4.416)	< 0.001
BCLC stage, B + C vs 0 + A	1.724 (1.180-2.520)	0.005	1.645 (1.124-2.409)	0.010
Preoperative LMR, > 3.23 vs ≤ 3.23	0.601 (0.410-0.883)	0.009	0.584 (0.398-0.859)	0.006

AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; BCLC: Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; LMR: Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio.