Interferon-λ polymorphisms and response to pegylated interferon in Iranian hepatitis C patients

Table 1 Treatment outcomes n (%)

Hepatitis C virus genotype	Virologic response				Resistant	Breakthrough	Relapse
	Rapid	Early	End of treatment	Sustained
Type-11 (n = 94)	42 (44.7)	86 (91.5)	85 (90.4)	77 (81.9)	6 (6.4)	3 (3.2)	8 (8.5)
Type-3 (n = 56)	47 (83.9)b	49 (89.1)2	56 (100)	51 (91.1)	0 (0)	0 (0)	5 (8.9)
Mixed type-1 and -3 (n = 2)	1 (50.0)	2 (100)	2 (100)	2 (100)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Total (n = 152)	90 (59.2)	137 (90.7)2	143 (94.1)	130 (85.5)	6 (3.9)	3 (2.0)	13 (8.6)

¹Includes one patient with mixed hepatitis C virus genotype-1a/4;

²Data from one patient was missed;

^bP < 0.01 vs type-1.

Table 2 Baseline variables according to treatment response

Variable	All subjects		HCV genotype-1		HCV genotype-3
	R(n = 130)	NR(n = 22)	R(n = 77)	NR(n = 17)	R(n = 51)	NR(n = 5)
Age (yr)	40.9 ± 9.4a	47.7 ± 11.5	41.7 ± 9.0	47.9 ± 11.9	40.0 ± 10.1	46.8 ± 8.9
HCV RNA (× 105 IU/mL)	35.6 ± 55a	60.1 ± 99.5	37.9 ± 48.6	70.1 ± 111.6	32.4 ± 64.9	26.3 ± 16.8
Liver fibrosis stage	2.2 ± 1.5	3.0 ± 1.7	2.3 ± 1.5	3.0 ± 1.8	1.8 ± 1.3	3.0 ± 0.0
ALT (IU/L)	71.9 ± 57.7	100.9 ± 108.7	74.2 ± 63.9	77.9 ± 63.7	70.1 ± 47.9	198.7 ± 203.6
AST (IU/L)	44.5 ± 26.4	71.2 ± 66.8	44.9 ± 28.7	58.5 ± 47.6	44.4 ± 23.3	125.2 ± 113.5
BMI (kg/m2)	26.9 ± 4.0	25.8 ± 3.4	27.2 ± 3.5a	25.1 ± 3.0	26.2 ± 4.6	29.5 ± 3.7

Data are presented as mean ± SD;

^aP < 0.05 vs NR. ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate transaminase; BMI: Body mass index; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; NR: Non-responder; R: Responder (achieved sustained virologic response).

Table 3 Prevalence of single nucleotide polymorphisms n (%)

Hepatitis C virus genotype	rs12979860 genotype		rs8099917 genotype1
	CC	Non-CC	TT	Non-TT
Type-1
Responders	32 (41.6)	45 (58.4)	32 (59.3)	22 (40.7)
Non-responders	2 (11.8)	15 (88.2)	3 (33.3)	6 (66.7)
Type-3
Responders	20 (39.2)	31 (60.8)	28 (63.6)	16 (36.4)
Non-responders	3 (60.0)	2 (40.0)	4 (100)	0 (0)
Mixed type-1 and -3
Responders	0 (0)	2 (100)	1 (50.0)	1 (50.0)
Non-responders	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Total
Responders	52 (40.0)	78 (60.0)	39 (39.0)	61 (61.0)
Non-responders	5 (22.7)	17 (77.3)	7 (53.8)	6 (46.2)

¹Data missing for 39 patients.

Table 4 Predictive factors of treatment success

Baseline variable	P value	Odds ratio	95%CI
Age	0.18	0.96	0.91-1.02
AST	0.55	0.99	0.98-1.01
HCV RNA level (categorical)	0.30	0.53	0.16-1.75
Stage of liver fibrosis	0.22	0.77	0.50-1.17
rs12979860 CC genotype	0.031	6.23	1.22-31.88

¹Significant association with SVR achievement. AST: Aspartate transaminase; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; SVR: Sustained virologic response.