Successful surgical management of ruptured umbilical hernias in cirrhotic patients

Table 1 Patient characteristics n (%)

Characteristic	Patients
Gender
Male	9 (81.8)
Female	2 (18.2)
Aetiology of cirrhosis
ALD	8 (72.7)
ALD + HCV	2 (18.2)
NASH	1 (9.1)
CTP class
B	8 (72.7)
C	3 (27.3)
Complications of cirrhosis other than ascites
Oesophageal varices	2 (18.2)
SBP	2 (18.2)
Oesophageal varices + SBP	1 (9.1)
Comorbidities
DM2	2 (18.2)
Chronic pancreatitis	1 (9.1)
DM2 + CVA + HTN	1 (9.1)
On liver transplant waiting list	8 (72.7)

ALD: Alcoholic liver disease; HCV: Hepatitis-C virus; NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; CTP: Child-Turcotte-Pugh; SBP: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis; DM2: Diabetes melitus type 2; CVA: Cerebrovascular accident; HTN: Hypertension.

Table 2 Relevant blood results on the day of admission

	INR	Bilirubin (μmol/L)	ALT (U/L)	ALP (U/L)	Albumin (g/L)	Creatinine (μmol/L)	MELD score
Patient 1	1.50	44	7	139	38	111	17
Patient 2	2.3	50	39	144	25	101	21
Patient 3	1.4	32	17	306	34	66	13
Patient 4	1.5	50	22	134	25	204	28
Patient 5	1.7	38	22	49	50	176	22
Patient 6	1.6	50	26	117	31	71	16
Patient 71	1.5	13	19	79	33	120	14
Patient 81	1.3	15	13	67	31	89	9
Patient 91	1.2	6	37	146	22	76	8
Patient 101	1.4	34	31	181	24	69	13
Patient 112
Admission 1	1.5	12	11	93	23	48	11
Admission 2	1.4	8	8	105	27	54	10

¹Cases referred from other hospitals;

²Admission 1: Failed initial conservative management; admission 2: Successful surgical management. MELD: Model for end-stage liver disease; INR: International normalized ratio; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase.

Table 3 Postoperative complications n (%)

Complication	Patients
Recurrence	1 (8.3)
Wound infection	2 (16.7)
Ileus	1 (8.3)
Encephalopathy	1 (8.3)
Allergic reaction to antibiotics	1 (8.3)