Outcomes of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation in decompensated liver cirrhosis

Table 1 Comparison of clinical and laboratory parameters between the two groups before transplantation

Parameter	Control	BM-MNCs	Pvalue
Patient (n)	15	32	ND
Age (yr)	47.4 ± 11.1	46.4 ± 11.6	0.8542
Gender
Male	9	20
Female	6	12	0.8691
HBsAg
Positive	13	30
Negative	2	2	0.5833
Liver function
Alanine aminotransferase (IU/L)	51.7 ± 14.5	53.2 ± 13.5	0.7342
Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L)	63.7 ± 14.4	67.9 ± 16.7	0.4042
Serum albumin (g/L)	28.1 ± 2.8	27.9 ± 2.5	0.7962
Prealbumin (mg/L)	85.1 ± 23.5	83.5 ± 22.4	0.8192
Total bilirubin (mmol/L)	53.5 ± 17.9	52.2 ± 13.4	0.7722
Coagulation function
Prothrombin time (s)	16.3 ± 3.0	16.9 ± 2.3	0.4372
Prothrombin activity	71.8% ± 19.4%	67.8% ± 15.0%	0.4372
Fibrinogen (g/L)	1.83 ± 0.53	1.81 ± 0.52	0.8642
Routine blood indices
White blood cell counts (× 109/L)	2.83 ± 1.07	2.73 ± 0.84	0.7212
Hemoglobin (g/L)	107.8 ± 11.4	105.9 ± 12.6	0.6242
Platelet counts (× 109/L)	69.0 ± 16.6	67.2 ± 15.5	0.7172

Data are expressed as the mean ± SD.

¹Pearson χ² test;

²t test;

³Fisher’s exact test. BM-MNCs: Bone marrow mononuclear cells; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; ND: No data.

Table 2 Comparison of the occurrence of complications between the two groups

Patient group	n	Esophageal variceal hemorrhage	Hepatic encephalopathy	Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis	Hepatocellular carcinoma
Control	15	2	3	3	1
BM-MNCs	32	1	0	0	1
P value		0.2351	0.0281	0.0281	0.5411

¹Fisher’s exact test. BM-MNCs: Bone marrow mononuclear cells.

Table 3 Levels of albumin, prealbumin and total bilirubin in the two groups at different time points after transplantation

Liver function	Group	1 wk	1 mo	3 mo	6 mo	12 mo	24 mo
Serum albumin (g/L)1	Control	29.2 ± 2.5	29.8 ± 2.8	30.3 ± 2.2	30.4 ± 3.3	29.7 ± 4.3	28.8 ± 3.4
	BM-MNCs	28.4 ± 2.7	30.2 ± 3.2	33.5 ± 3.6	33.9 ± 3.5	34.5 ± 4.2	30.7 ± 3.8
	P value	0.357	0.669	0.002	0.002	0.001	0.096
Prealbumin (mg/L)1	Control	92.5 ± 25.9	101.4 ± 28.7	111.1 ± 27.7	113.6 ± 26.5	115.0 ± 23.9	97.4 ± 17.7
	BM-MNCs	91.1 ± 23.2	118.3 ± 25.3	139.8 ± 25.9	138.1 ± 24.6	139.9 ± 25.3	107.9 ± 22.7
	P value	0.86	0.047	0.001	0.003	0.003	0.122
Total bilirubin (mmol/L)1	Control	51.3 ± 15.6	47.3 ± 16.5	45.6 ± 19.9	43.0 ± 20.8	38.7 ± 16.6	36.6 ± 14.2
	BM-MNCs	50.9 ± 12.6	44.2 ± 13.5	36.9 ± 9.7	32.2 ± 10.6	29.3 ± 9.7	32.7 ± 10.7
	P value	0.92	0.496	0.048	0.022	0.018	0.294

Data are expressed as the mean ± SD.

¹t test. BM-MNCs: Bone marrow mononuclear cells.

Table 4 Levels of prothrombin time, prothrombin activity and fibrinogen in the two groups at different time points after transplantation

Function	Group	1 wk	1 mo	3 mo	6 mo	12 mo	24 mo
Prothrombin time (s)1	Control	16.2 ± 2.8	16.3 ± 2.8	15.9 ± 2.8	15.7 ± 2.9	15.5 ± 2.9	15.7 ± 2.3
	BM-MNCs	16.8 ± 2.5	15.5 ± 2.5	14.4 ± 2.3	13.9 ± 2.1	14.0 ± 2.1	14.4 ± 2.1
	P value	0.472	0.311	0.046	0.019	0.051	0.06
Prothrombin activity1	Control	72.5% ± 17.8%	72.0% ± 17.7%	74.4% ± 17.8%	75.9% ± 18.2%	77.4%± 18.2%	75.6% ± 14.6%
	BM-MNCs	68.7% ± 16.0%	77.3% ± 15.7%	84.3% ± 14.3%	87.2% ± 13.3%	86.9% ± 13.5%	84.0% ± 13.6%
	P value	0.472	0.311	0.046	0.019	0.051	0.06
Fibrinogen (g/L)1	Control	1.90 ± 0.58	1.92 ± 0.57	1.89 ± 0.44	1.97 ± 0.40	1.99 ± 0.39	1.93 ± 0.28
	BM-MNCs	1.86 ± 0.55	2.12 ± 0.64	2.28 ± 0.53	2.51 ± 0.55	2.49 ± 0.51	2.11 ± 0.52
	P value	0.857	0.289	0.017	0.001	0.002	0.233

Data are expressed as the mean ± SD.

¹t test. BM-MNCs: Bone marrow mononuclear cells.

Table 5 Levels of white blood cell counts, hemoglobin, and platelet counts in the two groups at different time points after transplantation

Routine blood indices	Group	1 wk	1 mo	3 mo	6 mo	12 mo	24 mo
White blood cell counts (× 109/L)1	Control	2.82 ± 0.98	2.88 ± 0.95	2.85 ± 0.94	2.78 ± 0.96	2.69 ± 1.00	2.63 ± 0.92
	BM-MNCs	2.69 ± 0.80	2.96 ± 0.74	3.23 ± 0.80	3.44 ± 0.79	3.22 ± 0.77	2.94 ± 0.72
	P value	0.638	0.75	0.159	0.017	0.052	0.208
Hemoglobin (g/L)1	Control	108.7 ± 12.5	110.7 ± 13.3	112.8 ± 15.9	113.3 ± 15.2	114.5 ± 18.1	106.8 ± 14.3
	BM-MNCs	106.3 ± 12.5	112.4 ± 13.2	121.8 ± 12.0	124.1 ± 12.8	120.4 ± 11.9	110.8 ± 16.8
	P value	0.552	0.688	0.036	0.014	0.193	0.432
Platelet counts (× 109/L)1	Control	68.9 ± 13.2	66.7 ± 13.8	63.3 ± 15.7	63.1 ± 13.9	62.1 ± 16.4	61.2 ± 15.6
	BM-MNCs	69.3 ± 16.1	70.1 ± 13.7	74.5 ± 15.7	75.8 ± 11.6	74.8 ± 14.7	67.7 ± 15.2
	P value	0.936	0.349	0.027	0.002	0.011	0.185

Data are expressed as the mean ± SD.

¹t test. BM-MNCs: Bone marrow mononuclear cells.