Follow-up of patients with pseudotumoral chronic pancreatitis: Outcome and surveillance

Table 1 Clinical and demographic characteristics of included patients classified by the presence/absence of pseudotumor n (%)

	Chronic pancreatitis (n= 26)	Pseudotumoral chronic pancreatitis (n= 9)	Pvalue
Female	5 (19.2)	4 (44.4)	NS
Age, yr1	30 (18-74)	53 (18-75)	0.015
Number of EUS criteria1	4 (4-8)	4 (4-6)	NS
Follow-up1	24 (1-67)	5 (1-35)	NS
Aetiology, alcohol	21 (81)	6 (67)	NS
DM	20 (77)	7 (78)	NS

¹Expressed in median (range). EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; DM: Diabetes mellitus; NS: Not significant.

Table 2 Imaging characteristics of included patients with pseudotumor and chronic pancreatitis

Patient	Age, yr	Gender	Number of diagnostic criteria for chronic pancreatitis by EUS	Evidence of pseudotumor on CT	Interval (“time between”) or follow-up
1	64	F	4	No	1 mo
2	48	F	4	No	13 mo
3	53	M	4	No	21 mo
4	44	F	4	Yes	5 mo
5	75	F	4	Yes	22 mo
6	69	M	4	Yes	13 mo
7	18	M	6	Yes	30 d
8	56	M	5	Yes	30 d
9	52	M	4	Yes	30 d

Time between: Represents the time between diagnosis of pseudotumor and pancreatic cancer; Follow-up: Time of follow-up after diagnosis of pseudotumor without diagnosis of cancer. F: Female; M: Male; CT: Computed tomography; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound.

Table 3 Imaging characteristics of the pseudotumors and final diagnosis

Pseudotumor/patient	Maximum diameter (mm)	Localization	Vascular involvement	Presence of lymphadenopathy	EUS FNA/adequate sample	Surgery	Final diagnosis
1	35	Body	Yes	No	Normal/yes	No	CP
2	30	Head	No	Yes	CP/yes	No	CP
3	20	Head	No	No	Normal/yes	No	CP
4	35	Head	Yes	Yes	Inflammation/yes	Yes	CP
5	35	Neck	No	No	CP/yes	No	CP
6	28	Body	No	No	CP/yes	No	CP
7	30	Neck	No	Yes	Non-neoplastic cells/yes	Yes	Myofibroblastic tumor
8	40	Head	Yes	Yes	Normal/yes	Yes	Pancreatic cancer
9	40	Head	Yes	Yes	CP/yes	Yes	Pancreatic cancer

CP: Chronic pancreatitis; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; FNA: Fine needle aspiration.

Table 4 Frequency of pseudotumoral chronic pancreatitis in patients with chronic pancreatitis according to studies reported in the literature

Ref.	Year	Number of patients (n)	Frequency of pseudotumor	Frequency of pancreatic cancer
1Barthet et al[12]	1996	85	6%	3.5%
2Burski et al[8]	2012	436	29%	13%
Current study	2014	35	25%	22%

¹The time between diagnosis of pseudotumor and pancreatic cancer was not reported, only time of survival after diagnosis of pancreatic cancer;

²The time between diagnosis of pseudotumor and pancreatic cancer reported was 4.2 mo.