Cancers in Eastern Libya: First results from Benghazi Medical Center

Table 1 The distribution of cancer patients by site and the average age of presentation n (%)

Type	n (%)	Age
		Minimum	Maximum	mean ± SD
Bladder	20 (2.2)	38	78	62.2 ± 11.5
Bone Tumour	7 (0.9)	17	74	48.1 ± 26.2
Brain	23 (2.5)	15	81	47.5 ± 17.1
Breast	214 (23.7)	23	87	51.3 ± 12.7
Cervix	13 (1.5)	43	81	57.5 ± 11.8
Colon	170 (19.0)	21	89	58.7 ± 13.4
CUP	18 (2.1)	36	87	61.2 ± 16.5
Esophagus	4 (0.4)	45	86	59.0 ± 18.7
Gallbladder	13 (1.5)	36	77	60.5 ± 12.5
Kidney	21 (2.4)	34	82	61.4 ± 13.2
Larynx	14 (1.6)	26	89	67.6 ± 15.4
Liver	22 (2.4)	48	84	66.7 ± 9.7
Lung	93 (10.3)	27	85	62.4 ± 11.9
Misc.	13 (1.4)	25	82	54.5 ± 21.2
Nasopharyngeal	16 (1.7)	20	64	46.3 ± 10.4
Ovary	26 (3.1)	32	86	54.7 ± 13.6
Pancreas	33 (3.6)	29	83	61.4 ± 13.4
Prostate	65 (7.1)	50	91	72.9 ± 9.0
Salivary	4 (0.4)	39	74	55.3 ± 14.9
Skin	10 (1.1)	29	92	63.0 ± 18.0
Soft Tissue	28 (3.2)	14	84	45.1 ± 20.9
Stomach	22 (2.7)	34	82	57.6 ± 13.0
Thyroid	7 (0.8)	34	71	50.1 ± 12.7
Uterus	39 (4.5)	20	80	56.8 ± 13.8
Overall	895 (100.0)	14	92	57.6 ± 15.0

Table 2 Key parameters regarding the different cities under analysis

City	n (%)	Avg age	SD	No 1. cancer	No 2. cancer	No 3. cancer
Ajdabia	55 (6.0)	56.2	16.7	Lung	Breast	Colon
Beida	93 (10.1)	58.5	14.2	Breast	Colon	Stomach
Benghazi	555 (60.5)	57.5	15.0	Breast	Colon	Lung
Derna	45 (4.9)	57.4	13.8	Breast	Colon	-
Kufra	16 (1.7)	50.1	18.9	Breast	Colon	Prostate
Marj	76 (8.3)	63.2	13.8	Colon	Prostate	Breast
Tobruk	66 (7.2)	53.8	14.0	Breast	Colon	Lung
Wahat	11 (1.2)	60.2	14.7	Breast	Prostate	-
Overall	917 (100.0)	57.6	15.0	Breast	Colon	Lung

Table 3 The number of new cases organized by gender, site and age group

	0-14 yr		15-24 yr		25-34 yr		35-44 yr		45-54 yr		55-64 yr		65+ yr		Total
	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female
Bladder (C67)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	1	1	0	1	5	7	2	11	8
Bone (C40-41)	0	0	0	1	0	2	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	2	1	6
Brain (C70-72)	0	0	0	1	2	1	4	4	1	2	3	0	4	1	14	9
Breast (C50)	0	0	0	0	0	14	0	52	2	67	0	46	2	31	4	210
Cervix uteri (C53)	-	0	-	0	-	0	-	2	-	4	-	2	-	5	-	13
Colon (C18-21)	0	0	0	0	5	3	8	9	17	18	27	24	29	30	86	84
Esophagus (C15)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	1	0	0	1	3	1
Gallbladder etc. (C23-24)	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	0	1	3	4	2	1	7	6
Kidney (C64)	0	0	0	0	0	1	2	1	2	0	2	3	6	4	12	9
Larynx (C32)	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	0	0	4	0	7	2	11	3
Liver (C22)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2	1	3	2	12	2	17	5
Lung (C33-34)	0	0	0	0	0	2	6	2	11	1	26	4	35	3	78	12
Nasopharynx (C11)	0	0	0	0	1	0	6	1	4	1	3	0	0	0	14	2
Ovary (C56)	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	1	0	11	0	4	0	6	0	24
Pancreas (C25)	0	0	0	0	1	1	3	0	1	2	0	10	12	3	17	16
Prostate (C61)	0	-	0	-	0	-	0	-	1	-	10	-	54	-	65	-
Salivary (C07-08)	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	0	0	1	3	1	4	0	8	2
Soft tissue (C47+49)	0	2	2	2	1	1	1	4	6	0	2	1	4	2	16	12
Stomach (C16)	0	0	0	0	1	0	3	1	2	3	1	1	6	4	13	9
Thyroid (C73)	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	0	2	0	1	1	0	2	5
Uterus (C54)	-	0	-	0	-	2	-	4	-	9	-	12	-	12	-	39
Miscellaneous (O and U and skin etc.)	0	0	0	0	2	2	2	3	1	4	1	7	9	10	15	26
Total (excluding missing cases)	0	2	2	4	13	33	41	86	53	127	90	128	195	121	394	501

Table 4 Age-standardized rates for Benghazi in comparison to previously calculated values as well as those for western Libya and neighbouring countries

Site	Benghazi (2012)		Benghazi (2003)[2]		Benghazi (Globocan est. 2002)[5]		Western Libya (2007)[36]		Algeria[6]		Egypt[6]		Tunis[6]
	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female	Male	Female
Bladder (C67)	3.3	1.1	11.7	1.3	22.4	2.7	4.8	1.2	4.5	0.5	27.9	5.4	19.0	2.2
Bone (C40-41)	0.3	1.1	-	-	-	-	-	-	1.4	1.2	1.5	1.0	0.4	0.5
Brain (C70-72)	2.3	1.3	5.3	2.1	2.1	1.1	4.8	0.7	0.7	1.6	4.0	3.1	3.7	1.8
Breast (C50)	0.9	37.4	-	22.9	-	17.4	0.5	31.1	0.6	18.8	0.8	42.5	0.9	29.8
Cervix uteri (C53)	-	2.8	-	5.3	-	8.2	-	2.2	-	11.6	-	2.1	-	7.1
Colon (C18-21)	17.5	17.2	11.6	8.8	4.9	2.5	14.2	12.0	6.6	6.8	6.9	4.8	12.0	9.2
Others and Unspec.	1.8	2.2	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.7	2.1	10.3	7.3	5.7	4.3
Esophagus (C15)	0.5	0.2	1.5	0.0	2.4	1.0	1.3	2.8	0.2	0.2	1.7	0.9	0.5	0.2
Gallbladder, etc. (C23-24)	1.3	1.3	1.6	3.6	-	-	-	-	2.1	10.0	1.2	1.0	1.8	3.1
Kidney (C64)	2.7	1.8	3.9	2.8	1.8	0.9	2.6	1.7	0.7	1.2	2.5	1.5	2.6	1.6
Larynx (C32)	2.5	0.6	6.1	0.3	3.7	0.5	-	-	2.8	0.1	4.2	0.3	5.7	0.2
Liver (C22)	4.0	1.0	3.3	3.1	4.8	1.6	5.1	1.9	1.1	0.8	21.9	4.4	2.2	0.7
Lung (C33-34)	18.0	2.2	24.8	2.0	10.4	1.5	19.3	3.9	19.9	1.7	14.0	3.6	37.1	1.7
Nasopharynx (C11)	2.2	0.3	1.9	0.8	2.2	0.9	-	-	5.4	1.7	1.2	0.4	4.6	1.9
Ovary (C56)	-	4.9	-	4.0	-	1.9	-	3.0	-	2.1	-	5.1	-	3.3
Pancreas (C25)	3.8	3.3	4.4	1.6	1.5	0.5	1.9	0.6	0.5	0.3	4.0	2.3	2.5	1.9
Prostate (C61)	14.8	-	11.4	-	5.6	-	19.1	-	7.5	-	8.5	-	14.1	-
Salivary (C07-08)	0.1	0.6	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.3	0.2	0.7	0.6	0.9	0.4
Soft tissue (C47+49)	2.8	1.6	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.8	0.5	3.3	2.7	1.4	1.3
Stomach (C16)	2.7	1.9	4.4	3.4	4.1	1.5	1.4	2.6	7.1	3.1	3.3	2.0	5.1	2.5
Thyroid (C73)	0.4	0.8	-	-	-	-	0.8	1.7	1.4	3.6	1.1	2.6	1.3	3.1
Uterus (C54)	-	8.0	-	8.0	-	1.6	-	-	-	1.1	-	2.6	-	3.4