Coexistence of hyperlipidemia and acute cerebral ischemia/reperfusion induces severe liver damage in a rat model

Table 1 The examined animal groups

Group	Administration
Control	Rats given normal diet (control) for 18 wk and without I/R
HL	HL rats given high-fat diet for 18 wk and without I/R
I/R	Rats given normal diet (control) for 18 wk and with I/R
HL+I/R	HL rats given high-fat diet for 18 wk and with I/R

HL: Hyperlipidemia; I/R: Ischemia/reperfusion.

Table 2 Blood lipids in different groups after high-fat diet treatment for 18 wk and before middle cerebral artery occlusion (mean ± SD, mmol/L)

Group	n	TC	TG	HDL-C	LDL-C
Control	10	1.69 ± 0.14	0.21 ± 0.08	1.14 ± 0.05	0.40 ± 0.10
HL	6	5.11 ± 0.55be	0.84 ± 0.20af	0.68 ± 0.15af	1.72 ± 0.52ae
I/R	10	1.57 ± 0.19	0.19 ± 0.02	1.21 ± 0.16	0.36 ± 0.10
HL+I/R	10	5.33 ± 0.44be	0.79 ± 0.17af	0.70 ± 0.19af	1.64 ± 0.48ae

HL: Hyperlipidemia; I/R: Ischemia/reperfusion; TC: Total cholesterol; TG: Triglyceride; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs control group;

^eP < 0.05,

^fP < 0.01 vs I/R group.

Table 3 Brain infarct volume and serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in different groups after high-fat diet treatment for 18 wk and/or 2 h transient focal cerebral ischemia followed by 24 h reperfusion (mean ± SD)

Group	n	Neurological deficit score	Infarct volume (mm3)	ALT (U)	AST (U)
Control	10	0	0	9.56 ± 1.99	11.33 ± 4.17
HL	6	0	0	25.13 ± 16.90b	18.01 ± 10.00a
I/R	7	3.25 ± 0.36bd	33.4 ± 4.16bd	12.93 ± 6.14	14.00 ± 6.19
HL+I/R	6	3.53 ± 0.45bd	34.5 ± 6.23bd	93.62 ± 24.00bdf	82.32 ± 26.92bdf

HL: Hyperlipidemia; I/R: Ischemia/reperfusion; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase.

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs control group;

^dP < 0.01 vs HL group;

^fP < 0.01 vs I/R group.

Table 4 Levels of antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde and Ca²⁺ in liver mitochondria of different groups after high-fat diet treatment for 18 wk and/or 2 h transient focal cerebral ischemia followed by 24 h reperfusion (mean ± SD)

Group	n	SOD (U/μg protein)	GSH-Px (nmol/g protein per min)	MDA (mmol/g protein)	Ca2+ (μmol/g protein)
Control	10	244.93 ± 33.70	2172.26 ± 241.34	7.02 ± 2.58	1.329 ± 0.279
HL	6	100.59 ± 40.72b	937.57 ± 228.68b	21.84 ± 6.01b	2.552 ± 0.317b
I/R	7	172.15 ± 57.31a	1762.65 ± 409.18	12.58 ± 5.34	2.180 ± 0.431b
HL+I/R	6	59.01 ± 21.48bcf	486.41 ± 230.52bdf	47.27 ± 7.11bcf	3.136 ± 0.517bcf

HL: Hyperlipidemia; I/R: Ischemia/reperfusion; SOD: Superoxide dismutase; GSH-Px: Glutathione peroxidase; MDA: Malondialdehyde.

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs control group;

^cP < 0.05,

^dP < 0.01 vs HL group;

^fP < 0.01 vs I/R group.