Comparative epidemiology of gastric cancer between Japan and China

Table 1 Comparisons of crude and age-standardized incidence rates of gastric cancer between Japan and China (1993-1997)

	Men		Women
	Crude	ASR	Crude	ASR
Japan
Hiroshima	113.1	85.5	55.1	33.9
Miyagi	109.2	69	52.2	27.1
Nagasaki	119.9	65.4	56.5	25.6
Osaka	87.7	59.9	42.9	23.8
Saga	115.8	63.6	57	24.9
Yamagata	178.5	91.6	94.1	38.9
China
Beijing	27.8	19.8	13	8.7
Changle	103.5	145	29.6	34.5
Cixian	55.9	78.1	28	31.9
Jiashan	45.8	38.9	20.3	15.7
Qidong	39.5	37.8	24.2	19
Shanghai	54.6	32.3	29.8	17.6
Tianjin	33.5	26.9	13.9	10
Wuhan	29.3	29.8	17.1	14.5

Source: Cancer incidence in five continents Vol. VIII, IARC scientific publications No. 155. ASR: Age standardized rate, per 100  000 population.

Table 2 Summary of findings on the associations between H. pylori carriage and risk of gastric cancer in prospective studies from Japan and China

Author[Ref.], yr	Country	Study design	Case patients /control subjects	Seroprevalence of H. pylori in cases vs controls (%)	ELISA kit used for measuring seroprevalence of H. pylori	OR (95% CI)
Watanabe et al[32], 1997	Japan	Nested case-control study	45/225	91.1 vs 75.6	Pirikaplate G Helicobacter enzyme immunoassay (Fujirebio Inc., Tokyo)	3.4 (1.2-9.9)
Sasazuki et al[35], 2006	Japan	Nested case-control study	511/511	93.5 vs 74.5	E Plate, produced by Eiken Kagaku Co.Ltd., Tokyo	5.1 (3.2-8.0)
Yamagata et al[33], 2000	Japan	Cohort study	1070 men and 1532 women at baseline	71.5 among men vs 62.4 among women	HM-CAP, Enteric Products Inc, Westbury, NY	Men: RR = 2.9 (1.1-7.4)
						Women: RR = 1.0 (0.3-3.0)
Yatsuya et al[34], 2004	Japan	Nested case-control study	202/394	88.6 vs 79.2	HM-CAP, Enteric Products Inc, Westbury, NY	Men: 1.7 (0.5-5.1) Women: 5.1 (1.6-16.5)
Yuan et al[38], 1999	China	Nested case-control study	188/548	86 vs 85	Locally Developed and Validated Assay	1.8 (1.1-3.1), but 3.7 (1.5-9.3) for subjects followed for 5 or more years
Limburg et al[39], 2001	China	Nested case-control study	181/192	62.0 vs 52.0	Antibodies to the whole cell antigen	1.6 (1.1-2.5)
Kamangar et al[12], 2007	China	Case-cohort study	Cardia 582/992 Noncardia 343/992	Cardia 81.0 vs 73.0 Noncardia	IgG antibodies to whole-cell antigen	Cardia 1.6 (1.3-2.1) Noncardia 1.6 (1.2-2.1)
				80.0 vs 73.0

OR: Odds ratio; RR: Relative risk; CI: Confidence interval.