Congenital bronchoesophageal fistula in adults

Table 1 Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of congenital bronchoesophageal fistula

Symptoms	Patients (n)	Diagnosis	Patients (n)	Treatment	Patients (n)
Cough (nonspecific)	10	Esophagography	9	Right thoracotomy	7
Cough (after drinking)	6	Esophagoscopy	1	Left thoracotomy	4
Hemoptysis	6	Bronchoscopy	1	Resection of fistula	10
Chest pain	3			Division and suture	1
Low fever	4			Pleural flap insertion	11
				Associated lobectomy	10
				Associated pneumonectomy	1

Table 2 Anatomic types of congenital bronchoesophageal fistulae

Anatomic types	Patients (n)
Lower third of esophagus	9
Main bronchus	1
Intermediate bronchus	1
Segmental bronchus	7
Middle third of esophagus	2
Main bronchus	1
Segmental bronchus	1

Table 3 Blood loss during operation, hospital stay time, and outcome of patients with congenital bronchoesophageal fistula

Blood loss(mL)	Patients(n)	Hospitalstay time	Patients(n)	Postoperative complication	Patients(n)
200-400	3	≤ 2 wk	8	Bronchial fistula	1
400-800	6	2 wk-1 mo	2	Esophageal fistula	0
800-1000	2	>1 mo	1	Respiratory failure	1
				Circulation failure	0

Table 4 Braimbridge and Keith‘s classification of bronchoesophageal fistula

TypeI	Congenital bronchoesophageal fistula associated with congenital oesophageal diverticulum
Type II	Simple bronchoesophageal fistula
Type III	Bronchoesophageal fistula with an intralobar cyst
Type IV	Bronchoesophageal fistula communicating with a pulmonary sequestration