Pezzilli R, Campana D, Morselli-Labate AM, Fabbri MC, Brocchi E, Tomassetti P. Patient-reported outcomes in subjects with neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15(40): 5067-5073 [PMID: 19860000 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.15.5067]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Dr. Raffaele Pezzilli, Department of Digestive Diseases and Internal Medicine, Sant’Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti, 9, Bologna 40138, Italy. raffaele.pezzilli@aosp.bo.it
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World J Gastroenterol. Oct 28, 2009; 15(40): 5067-5073 Published online Oct 28, 2009. doi: 10.3748/wjg.15.5067
Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the 44 patients who completed the questionnaires (mean ± SD)
n (%)
Sex
Males
18 (40.9)
Females
26 (59.1)
Age at interview (yr)
61.0 ± 9.8
Disease duration (yr)
5.8 ± 5.4
Body mass index (kg/m2)
25.9 ± 4.3
Marital status
Single/Widowed/Divorced
10 (22.7)
Married
34 (77.3)
Diploma
Elementary school
11 (25.0)
Middle school
18 (40.9)
High school
10 (22.7)
University degree
5 (11.4)
Job
Current workers
32 (72.7)
Managers
6
Employees
16
Industrial workers
3
Housewives
7
Retired
12 (27.3)
Alcohol habit
Alcohol drinkers
18 (40.9)
Current drinkers
14
Drinking duration (yr)
40.2 ± 12.5
Smoking habit
Smokers
20 (45.5)
Actual smokers
5
No. of cigarettes smoked per day
10.6 ± 5.9
Smoking duration (yr)
28.7 ± 13.3
Comorbidities
30 (68.2)
Non disease specific drugs
35 (79.5)
Previous surgery not due to neuroendocrine tumors
33 (77.0)
Surgery due to pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors
35 (79.5)
Pancreatic head resection
8
Distal pancreatectomy
20
Total pancreatectomy
2
Enucleation
5
Status of neuroendocrine tumors
Disease free
25 (56.8)
Lymph node involvement/liver metastases
19 (43.2)
Specific drugs and treatment
No drugs
30 (68.2)
Somatostatin analogues alone
9 (20.5)
Somatostatin analogues plus radiometabolic therapy
5 (11.4)
Pain in the month prior to complete the questionnaire
17 (38.6)
Dyspepsia
24 (54.5)
Diabetes
12 (27.3)
Table 2 Effects of neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas on the SF-12 physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) component summaries estimated by means of three-way ANOVA adjusted for age (increasing trend among the age classes) and gender
PCS
MCS
Effects (95% CI)
P value
Effects (95% CI)
P value
Overall effects of the disease (patients vs normative group)
-1.16 (-5.66 to 3.34)
0.610
-5.32 (-10.30 to -0.35)
0.036
Effects of the disease within males
-1.17 (-8.01 to 5.68)
0.735
-6.12 (-13.69 to 1.45)
0.112
Effects of the disease within females
-1.15 (-6.99 to 4.69)
0.697
-4.53 (-10.99 to 1.93)
0.167
Interaction between the effects of the disease and gender (males vs females)
-0.02 (-9.02 to 8.97)
0.996
-1.59 (-11.54 to 8.37)
0.752
Interaction between the effects of the disease and age
3.32 (-6.96 to 13.60)
0.522
9.54 (-1.84 to 20.92)
0.099
Interaction between the effects of the disease and age within males
4.10 (-11.88 to 20.09)
0.611
9.24 (-8.44 to 26.93)
0.301
Interaction between the effects of the disease and age within females
2.54 (-10.39 to 15.48)
0.697
9.84 (-4.47 to 24.15)
0.175
Interaction between the effects of the disease and age and gender
1.56 (-19.00 to 22.12)
0.880
-0.59 (-23.35 to 22.17)
0.959
Table 3 Effects of neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas on the STAI Y-1 (anxiety state) and Y-2 (anxiety trait) estimated by means of three-way ANOVA adjusted for age (increasing trend among the age classes) and gender
STAI anxiety state (Y-1)
STAI anxiety trait (Y-2)
Effects (95% CI)
P value
Effects (95% CI)
P value
Overall effects of the disease (patients vs normative group)
-5.16 (-12.56 to 2.23)
0.169
0.77 (-5.84 to 7.39)
0.817
Effects of the disease within males
-4.66 (-16.98 to 7.67)
0.454
-0.48 (-11.50 to 10.54)
0.932
Effects of the disease within females
-5.66 (-13.84 to 2.51)
0.172
2.02 (-5.29 to 9.33)
0.584
Interaction between the effects of the disease and gender (males vs females)
1.00 (-13.79 to 15.79)
0.893
-2.50 (-15.72 to 10.73)
0.708
Interaction between the effects of the disease and age
7.69 (-7.10 to 22.48)
0.304
-2.58 (-15.81 to 10.64)
0.698
Interaction between the effects of the disease and age within males
5.30 (-19.35 to 29.95)
0.670
-0.05 (-22.09 to 21.99)
0.996
Interaction between the effects of the disease and age within females
10.07 (-6.28 to 26.42)
0.224
-5.12 (-19.74 to 9.51)
0.488
Interaction between the effects of the disease and age and gender
-4.77 (-34.35 to 24.81)
0.749
5.06 (-21.39 to 31.51)
0.704
Table 4 Relationships between SF-12 and STAI scores, and GHQ-12 and BDI-II scores in the 44 patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas (mean ± SD)
Table 5 Relationship between demographic and clinical characteristics of the 44 patients who completed the questionnaires and the results of the questionnaires used (in bold the significant associations)
Citation: Pezzilli R, Campana D, Morselli-Labate AM, Fabbri MC, Brocchi E, Tomassetti P. Patient-reported outcomes in subjects with neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas. World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15(40): 5067-5073