Expression of γ-synuclein in colorectal cancer tissues and its role on colorectal cancer cell line HCT116

Table 1 Sequences of γ-synuclein gene-specific primers

Primer	Sequence (5’-3’)	Product size (bp)
γ-synuclein-5′	GGAGGACTTGAGGCCATCTG	73 (339 to 411)
γ-synuclein -3′	CTCCTCTGCCACTTCCTCTTTC
GAPDH-5′	GGACCTGACCTGCCGTCTAG	100 (831 to 930)
GAPDH-3′	GTAGCCCAGGATGCCCTTGA

Table 2 Sequences of small synthetic oligonucleotides unique to the coding region of γ-synuclein

Oligonucleotides	Sequence (5’-3’)
siRNA1: Target sequence	AAGACCAAGGAGAATGTTGTA
Sense strand	5'-GATCCGACCAAGGAGAATGTTGTATTCAAGAGATACAACATTCTCCTTGGTCTTTTTTGGAAA-3'
Antisense strand	5'-AGCTTTTCCAAAAAAGACCAAGGAGAATGTTGTATCTCTTGAATACAACATTCTCCTTGGTCG-3'
siRNA2: Target sequence	AAGGAGAATGTTGTACAGAGC
Sense strand	5'-GATCCGGAGAATGTTGTACAGAGCTTCAAGAGAGCTCTGTACAACATTCTCCTTTTTTGGAAA-3'
Antisense strand	5'-AGCTTTTCCAAAAAAGGAGAATGTTGTACAGAGCTCTCTTGAAGCTCTGTACAACATTCTCCG-3'
siRNA3: Target sequence	AATGTTGTACAGAGCGTGACC
Sense strand	5'-GATCCGTGTTGTACAGAGCGTGACCTTCAAGAGAGGTCACGCTCTGTACAACATTTTTTGGAAA-3'
Antisense strand	5'-AGCTTTTCCAAAAAATGTTGTACAGAGCGTGACCTCTCTTGAAGGTCACGCTCTGTACAACACG-3'

Table 3 The expression of γ-synuclein in CRC and NNAT

Group	n	γ-synuclein mRNA expression		P value	γ-synuclein protein expression		P value
		Median (Range)	mean ± SD		Positive	Negative
CRC	54	11.06 (38.24)	14.15 ± 10.14	0.021	26	28	0.0362
NNAT	30	6.11 (29.4)	9.46 ± 8.47		7	23

¹Calculated by the Mann-Whitney U-test;

²Calculated by the Fisher’s exact test. CRC: Colorectal cancer; NNAT: Nonneoplastic adjacent tissues.

Table 4 Correlation between γ-synuclein protein expression and clinicopathological factors of colorectal cancer patients

Variable	n	γ-synuclein protein expression		P value1
		Positive	Negative
Age
≥ 60	28	14	14
< 60	26	12	14	0.793
Sex
Male	32	14	18
Female	22	12	10	0.580
Histological types
Differentiated	47	21	26
Undifferentiated	7	5	2	0.243
Stage
I	13	2	11
II	11	5	6
III	24	14	10
IV	6	5	1	0.020
Lymph node invision
Positive	29	18	11
Negative	25	8	17	0.033
Distant metastasis
Positive	6	5	1
Negative	48	21	27	0.095

¹Statistical significance was determined with Fisher’s exact test.